不同擠乳系統對荷蘭種泌乳牛群之產乳量及乳成分影響調查

本調查旨在探討使用機器人與傳統擠乳系統對臺灣荷蘭種泌乳牛群的產乳量、乳成分及乳脂肪酸組成差異。結果顯示，使用機器人擠乳系統牛群之泌乳天數100天內之產乳量（平均35.96公斤／日）顯著較使用傳統擠乳系統牛群高（平均31.74公斤／日）（P<0.05）但對其餘乳成分與乳脂肪酸含量則無影響。使用機器人擠乳系統牛群的乳中游離脂肪酸含量為1.16 mmol/100 g milk fat，有較使用傳統擠乳系統牛群乳中游離脂肪酸含量為1.04 mmol/100 g milk fat高的趨勢（P=0.06）。機器人與傳統擠乳系統會顯著影響牛群泌乳早期產乳量（P<0.05），但不影響泌乳中期及晚期牛群之產乳量與乳成分。不同擠乳系統對於相同胎次牛群之產乳量及乳脂肪並無顯著影響，惟兩組第3胎次牛群產乳量皆最高。無論使用何種擠乳系統牛群產乳量變化隨著氣溫逐漸升高而有下降趨勢，乳成分則反之。總而言之，牛群使用不同擠乳系統可能會因為擠乳次數不同造成平均產乳量增加，但僅在泌乳早期時有顯著差異。而使用不同擠乳系統牛群乳中蛋白質含量有顯著差異，牛群使用不同擠乳系統時可能需要特別注意泌乳早期飼糧與產乳高峰能量需求之平衡，以減少因計價乳成分偏低造成收益損失。本報告初步探究乳牛場同時使用機器人與傳統擠乳系統對臺灣荷蘭種泌乳牛群產乳量、乳成分及乳脂肪酸組成之影響，期進一步制定可能之飼養管理策略。

關鍵字

擠乳系統；產乳量；乳成分

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on Holstein milking dairy cows using an automatic milking system (AMS) or conventional milking parlor (CMP) on milk yield (MY), milk component, and milk fatty acids (FA) composition. The result showed that the MY of the AMS herd (average 35.96 kg/d) was higher than the CMP herd within 100 days in milk (average 31.74 kg/d) but did not have effect on other milk components. Meanwhile, there were no differences in milk FA composition. However, a trend of increased free FA levels in raw milk was observed in the AMS herd (1.16 mmol/100 g milk fat) compared with the CMP herd (1.04 mmol/100 g milk fat) (P = 0.06). The AMS herd MY was significantly higher than the CMP herd in the early lactation (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two types of system herds of MY and milk composition in the middle and late lactation. No significant difference was found between the two systems in MY and milk FA in the same parity, and the third birth of cows had the highest MY. Regardless of the kind of milking system, MY was decreased by high temperature, as in contrary with the milk composition. In summary, the AMS herd MY could increase the average milk yield due to the different milking systems and the number of milking, however with significant difference only in early lactation. The use of different milking system in cows could result in the significant difference of protection content while cows using different milking system need to pay attention to the balance between early feeding and lactation high-peak demand, in order to reduce the revenue loss due to the relatively low milk components in price calculation. This study preliminarily explores the differences in cows' performance with different milking systems, in terms of lactation, milk components and composition of fatty acids, and thereby intends to find appropriate management and nutritional strategy for AMS in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Milking systems ； Milk yield ； Milk component

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