台北市木栅地區洪災境況模擬及避難逃生路徑規劃之研究

台北市木柵地區位處台北市之最南端，該區域沿景美溪低窪地帶每逢颱風或西南氣流暴雨，經常造成嚴重積水，最近如民國87年10月之瑞伯颱風與民國88年5月之暴雨，均因雨成災。因此本文以台北市木柵地區為研究範圍，其東、南、西三方以景美溪堤防，北面以溪子口山（仙跡岩）及馬明潭山爲界，結合SWMM都市雨水下水道模式及二維零慣性波漫地流淹水模式進行演算，以探討不同重現期降雨事件下該區域之地表淹水情形。本文並分析部份抽水站未能發揮功能時對研究範圍淹水之影響，以充分考慮各種可能發生洪災之境況，再依據洪災境況模擬成果及地域特性，規劃洪災避難場所與逃生路徑，使淹水區域行政機關可藉以規劃居民疏散方式，以儲備民生應用物資於避難場所；而淹水區域居民亦可經由本研究成果，確實知道一旦發生淹水，有多久應變時間，應至何處避難等，以期能減少水患之損失。

關鍵字

洪災；境況模擬；應變措施；淹水區域

並列摘要

The Muchar area is located in the southern part of Metropolis Taipei. The lowland along Chinmei Creek of the Muchar area has been frequently inundated recently such as the Typhoon Zeb event in October 1998 and a thunderstorm event in May 1999. The main objective of the study is to conduct inundation scenario simulations in the Muchar area bounded by Chinmei Creek, ShijiKo Mountain, and Mamingtan Mountain. An urban inundation model, combining Storm Sewer Management Model (SWMM) and two-dimensional zero-inertia wave inundation model, is developed and used to carry out surface inundation simulations for various return-period storms. The inundation scenarios, considering some of the pumping stations fail to operate, are performed as well. The study further conducts flood response measures and rescue plans, based on the results of the inundation scenario simulations and local social-economic characteristics. The result of the study can be used by the Taipei city government to establish flood mitigation strategy, and by the local residence to realize inundated areas and response time needed for lifesaving.

並列關鍵字

Flood disaster ； Inundation scenario simulation ； Flood response measure ； Inundation area

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