Ch'ing scholars Hung Liang-chi and Chao Yi found fault with the "selection" and "order" in the "Lives of Ruthless Officials" in The History of the Later Han. Hung felt that Wang Chi was the adopted son of Wang Fu the eunuch and had little independent character to speak of, and that therefore he should be appended to the biography of Wang Fu rather than placed on the same footing with the other six ruthless officials. Chao found Yang Ch'in to be upright, inimical to evil and undaunted by power, and thought that he should be excluded from the list. These views, tenable at first sight, were the results of overlooking the "Preface" and the "Discussion" of the "Lives of the Ruthless Officials" and not adequately understanding the behaviour of the seven persons. The present short essay purports to investigate the significance of the "Preface" and the "Discussion," and, with reference to the actions of the seven, to justify the historian Fan Yeh.