初探學齡前兒童對文字圖像化的認知研究

隨著時代變遷，全球逐漸走向少子化社會，教育資源也較以往集中，兒童的啟蒙教育備受重視。識字教學是啟蒙教育中重要之一環，透過文字能夠獲取知識，可說是開啟閱讀的一把鑰匙，因此，兒童識字方面之研究著實重要。本研究透過文獻得知，對學齡前兒童而言，圖文識字教學之成效明顯優於純文字識字教學。在教學當中導入圖像更容易讓兒童對陌生文字產生印象連結。且市面上針對兒童識字所設計的教材在文字與圖像結合之方式相當廣泛，難以了解真正使用族群－兒童之偏好以及辨識能力。故本研究參考相關文獻，提出十種文字與圖像結合之設計手法，採用半結構式問卷調查法，針對10名幼兒園大班兒童進行研究施測，研究結果發現（1）在「圖像崁入文字」及「筆劃與圖像直接結合」兩種設計手法當中有七成至八成的兒童能成功辨別文字，顯示此種方法有利於兒童成功辨別文字；（2）兒童普遍會藉由「辨識外形輪廓」、「辨識相似偏旁」、「拆解單一圖像」三種方式來識別樣本與文字卡之關係；（3）兒童偏好設計手法與辨識無絕對關聯性。

關鍵字

文字圖像化；文字與圖像結合；學齡前兒童；兒童認知

並列摘要

As the world is moving toward a childless society, children's enlightenment becomes more crucial than ever, and educational resources are concentrated on a child. Literacy is one of the key points of enlightenment. It will help children to improve aspects of knowledge through reading. Therefore, a child's literacy in research is essential to enlightenment. The literature review shows that visual literacy is significantly more effective than text-only literacy for preschool children. Moreover, likely to create an impressionable connection with unfamiliar words when using images in teaching. Teaching material includes the combination of text and images is extensive in commercials so it is difficult to understand the preferences and recognition abilities of the child. The result reveals that (1) Among the two design methods of "embedding text in images" and "direct combination of strokes and images," 70% to 80% of the children could successfully identify the text, indicating that this method is beneficial for children to identify the text successfully. (2) Children generally identified the relationship between samples and text cards by "recognizing outlines," "recognizing similar characters," and "deconstructing a single image." (3) Children's preferred design techniques were not related to the identification.

並列關鍵字

Text Images ； Combined text ； image design approach ； Literacy Education for Preschoolers ； Children's Cognition

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