Art and design are not only closely related to people's daily life, but also interclocked with everything that we see. They are similar in a way regarding the message delivered by the graphics and text. The optical illusion graphics are often seen daily. The works of many artists and designers are also closely related to the optical illusion graphics. This study focuses on the expression and principle of optical illusion in vision, which involves the individual visual cognition. The study also investigates optical illusion graphics using the Document Analysis and understands the principle and formation of the optical illusion graphics. Furthermore, the illusion graphics are analyzed, summarized, and investigated. Finally, several points of view are proposed: (1) Analysis of the literature about the optical illusion graphics; (2) Structural analysis of the optical illusion graphics; (3) The classification and categorization of the optical illusion graphics.