失智症照顧者之負荷量表與其心理計量特性之回顧

「照顧者負荷」是照顧者常面臨的情況，為照顧者本身健康的重要指標之一，此亦會間接影響照顧患者的品質。本研究目的為回顧近十年常用於評量照顧者負荷之量表，並評析其應用於失智症照顧者之心理計量特性。研究者檢索2010年1月至2021年3月間之中、英文的電子期刊資料庫常用之照顧者負荷量表，再搜尋此些量表用於失智症照顧者之心理計量特性。本研究檢索與彙整的結果顯示，使用次數前四名、且非特定用於某患者族群的照顧者負荷量表共計4個：Zarit照顧者負荷量表（Zarit Burden Interview, ZBI）、Novak之照顧者負荷量表（Caregiver Burden Inventory, CBI）、疾病家庭負擔量表（Family Burden Scale of Disease, FBS）、Elmståhl之照顧者負荷量表（Caregiver Burden Scale, CBS）。ZBI用於失智症照顧者有好的內在一致性（Cronbach's α = 0.81-0.93）、再測信度（intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.88-0.89）、施測者間信度（ICC = 0.99）和收斂效度（Spearman's ρ或Pearson's r = 0.44-0.72）。CBI於失智症照顧者有優的內在一致性（α=0.90-0.95）、再測信度（ICC=0.90-0.96）、同時效度（r=0.85）和收斂效度（r=0.49-0.69）。於建構效度，ZBI呈現3-5個因素，CBI顯示現4-5個因素。FBS和CBS尚無有單針對失智症照顧者之信效度檢驗，此外，四量表用於失智症照顧者之區辨效度和反應性尚未有驗證。未來研究須進行更加全面的心理計量特性驗證，以提供臨床人員和研究人員實證依據。

關鍵字

照顧者負荷；量表；心理計量特性

並列摘要

"Caregiver burden" is often faced by caregivers and is one of the important health indicators. It also indirectly affects the quality of caring patients. The purpose of this study was to review the commonly used caregiver burden scales in ten years, and to summarize its psychometric properties in dementia caregivers. We searched the scales in the Chinese and English electronic journal databases from January 2010 to March 2021, and then searched the psychometric characteristics of these scales in dementia caregivers. The results showed that the top four frequently used caregiver burden scales and not specifically used for a certain patient group were: the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), Family Burden Scale of Disease (FBS), and Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS). The ZBI used for dementia caregivers appeared to have good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.81-0.93), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.88-0.89), inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.99), and convergent validity (Spearman's ρ or Pearson's r = 0.44-0.72). The CBI used for dementia caregivers had good internal consistency (α = 0.90-0.95), test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.90-0.96), concurrent validity (r = 0.85), and convergent validity (r = 0.49-0.69). For construct validity, the ZBI showed 3-5 factors, and the CBI showed 4-5 factors. Reliability and validity of the FBS and CBS have not been examined for dementia caregivers. Moreover, discriminative validity and responsiveness of the four scales have not been examined. Future studies should be conducted to comprehensively verify psychometric characteristics to provide empirical evidence for clinicians and researchers.

並列關鍵字

caregiver burden ； scales ； psychometric properties

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