應用物件導向技術計算動線規劃於重複性工作之效益—以高科技廠房格子板工程為例

Applying Object Oriented Method to Compute Benefit of Path Planning in Repetitive Work: The Case of Waffle Slab Construction

江翊楷(Yi-kai Chiang)

指導教授 ： 張陸滿

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.00056

摘要

高科技廠房設施向來具有下列特性：工期短、介面複雜、投資額高、變更設計多等。潔淨室(Cleanroom)為高科技廠房設施中最重要、最具代表性的一環，不但連結土建工程與機電工程的介面，更有全廠房設施最高的環境控制需求；相較於整體工程，影響大半潔淨室工程進度的格子板(Waffle Slab)工程，卻是勞力密集、動線不明、工率無法清楚量化，相對難以控管的工作項目，業主與承包商缺乏利用科學方法，多半利用過往經驗來判斷工期。
一般而言，營建工程對於動線規劃的態度多半在滿足基本需求即可，考慮到支出與管理成本的上升，較少積極運用於提昇工作效率上。本研究以格子板工程中FRP(Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics)模具搬運與組裝流程為例，進行動線規劃應用在重複性工作之效益計算。
藉由文獻回顧，瞭解高科技廠房設施營建工程特性，並就潔淨室格子板工程相關資訊，作現況與需求分析。訪談工程師得知工作流程、工作動線的需求與配置施工便道的優點；實地探勘調查紀錄各工項所需時間，並利用搬運、移動的距離與時間設定出函數關係，建構工作時間資料庫。
利用物件導向工具(Object-oriented programming, OOP)建立工作模型，以單個格子板工作群組為單位進行工期推估。在不同策略與環境之下，規劃各點位至暫存區距離的路徑，對照資料庫數據計算出所需要的移動、搬運時間，模擬實際狀況下，配置施工便道對於工作時間的影響，並與未配置施工便道狀況作比較。
研究結果顯示，配置搬運便道對於降低工作時間有明顯助益，不僅提高工作效率，對工作環境的安全性，工項的排序與動線釐清也有正向的幫助。在不同工區範圍、不同搬運、移動的距離與時間函數下，能夠利用物件導向工具特性，彈性地更改參數，得到該情境下的最適當解，提供一種迅速且方便的規劃方式。

關鍵字

營建管理 ； 高科技廠房設施 ； 格子板工程 ； 動線規劃 ； 物件導向工具

並列摘要

High-tech facilities have the following characteristics: short duration, complex interface, high investment, and numerous design changes. Cleanroom is the most important component of high-tech facilities. It not only connects construction and electrical engineering works, but has the highest demand for environmental control. Compared to the overall project, waffle slab works affect the progress of cleanroom-building the most, but it is a work with labor-intensive, working path unknown, work rate cannot be clearly quantified, and the work of the project is relatively difficult to control.
Generally, path planning in construction projects is considered enough when it reached basic need, rarely use to improve efficiency because increase in expenditure and management costs. This study will compute the benefit of using path planning in repetitive work in the case of FRP(Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics) mold assembly and transportation.
Through literature review, we know about the high-tech factory facilities construction characteristic, then analysis status and needs. Next, investigate workflow, need of working path and benefit of makeshift path by interviewing engineers; survey the accurate duration of each work and set functions of time and distance.
A model is established by OOP(Object-oriented programming), estimate the total duration by this model. Plan the working path between temporary placement and each work unit, and then compute the summation of each work by Above-mentioned data, finally compare the result with before
The result shows that makeshift path can help reduce total duration. Not only increase the efficiency but enhance safety. It also makes working path clearly and makes schedule be easy to control. Even in different field sizes, different distance and different functions, we can change parameters and get the most appropriate solution in that situation; it brings us a fast and convenient way to solve problems.

並列關鍵字

Construction management ； High-tech Facility ； Waffle slab ； Path Planning ； Object-oriented programming

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