企業資源規劃導入個案研究-應用於軍事後勤管理之探討

Enterprise Resourse Planning Implementation Case Study-Search Solution for Military Logistic Management

高政(Cheng Kao)

指導教授 ： 游張松

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/商學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.00100

摘要

企業資源規劃（ERP）系統可以有效整合企業跨部門的資訊系統作業，使企業經營能快速的因應變化。在功能不斷的擴充之下，至今已有適合各類型企業應用的模組，在企業界的運用從製造業延伸到服務業。採用ERP系統的主要效益為可以經由企業體內的資訊流整合，提升內部作業效率而增加競爭力；因為採用商用現貨軟體（COTS）以及最佳實務（Best Practice），使得系統開發建置時間縮短，建置推展後效率可以快速提升。由於ERP的複雜性甚高，在導入的選項中許多策略性的考量，對導入的成敗有深遠的影響，在專案的進行中先實施營運流程再造（BPR）再配合ERP才能真正實現資訊流整合帶來的效益。
本研究列舉出網路公司、美國國防組織導入ERP系統的實例，觀察在所導入功能上的選項與導入目標上的關聯；以及在導入策略上考量的因素。在導入功能上的選項必須決定用多少現成的模組，而以企業流程再造來適應最佳實務。本研究網路公司的規模與作業的複雜度屬於中小型企業的標準，導入的ERP核心採用知名供應商的COTS，在財會與人力資源管理的部份導入適應本地法規的模組。美國國防部及各軍種由於組織龐大，導入ERP的規模與複雜度較高，需較長的時間分階段完成，但是可以證明ERP可以應用在軍事事務領域。
我國國軍長期應用資訊系統於後勤管理，各軍種都依作業需要引進適切的資訊系統，但整體來看有系統數量繁多，各自擁有資料庫儲存重複的資料，使得營運與維護成本高昂的問題。近年來國防部推動組織再造將後勤組織簡併，後勤資訊系統得以進行整合規劃，導入ERP系統可以是一個整合資訊系統的選項。可以運用ERP的觀念，以COTS財務會計管理、人事管理等模組為基本，發展客製化的修護、補給、採購模組，組成軍事後勤ERP系統的核心。再加上工作流程平台與入口網站的建制，可以將後勤管理資訊作業的便利性迅速的延伸到基層部隊。

關鍵字

企業資源規劃 ； ERP導入策略 ； 軍事後勤管理資訊系統

並列摘要

Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP）system is capable of integrate the information processes across division boundaries, to facilitate enterprise adapt rapid changing environment. Due to the continuously expansion of functions, now there are models fit to all kinds of enterprise operation, and applications are expanding from manufacture to service industries. The major benefits of using ERP system is through integrate the information flow within the enterprise will increase the compatibility of the enterprise by improving the operation efficiency. Utilize commercial off-the-shelf（COTS） software and Best Practice, the schedule for system development and implement can be shorten, and the operation efficiency can raise in a short period after roll-out. Since the ERP is highly complex system, there are a lot of strategically options to consider, which will affect the success or failure of implementation. During implement, the Business Process Re-engineering shall at place first, along with utilize ERP as the tool to realize the benefit of information flow integration.
This research study the ERP system implementation cases of the Network Company and U.S. Defense organization to observe the relationship between the selection of functional models and the original goals set for implement; and the factors influence the implementation strategy. Decisions on select how many existing functional models and re-engineering the processes to fit the models have to be made. The operation and complexity of the Network Company case belongs to small or median scale enterprise standard. The ERP core functions are choose from COTS provided by a very famous company. The Human Resource and Financial Management models are choice from local provider which the products are tailored to fit the local law and common business practice. The U.S. Department of Defense and Services are giant organization, the scale and complexity of implement ERP is very high. It will takes years and divided into phases to complete the programs, but those cases proof ERP can be implemented in defense organization and military process domains.
The Military Forces of our country have a long history to utilize information system in logistic management; each Service implemented in unique way to satisfy their specific requirement. These results in too many systems exist in Nation Defense Enterprise, and each system has their own data base, which stores duplicated data. This will also incur high operation and maintain cost. In recent years, the Minister of National Defense has preceded the efforts to re-engineering the military organization. The logistic branch has downsizing with consolidate the Logistic Commands of Services, and enable the integration of the Logistic information system. Implement ERP system to integrate the logistic information systems from different Services can be an option. We can apply the concept of ERP to conduct military logistic processes. The COTS financial and accounting models are the foundation, together with customized military logistic Maintenance, Supply and Acquisition models to the Core of Military Logistic ERP System. Add on the Workflow platform and Portal, the logistic management information operation will be able quickly extent to lowest echelon War fighters.

並列關鍵字

Enterprise Resource Planning ； ERP implementation strategy ； Military Logistic Management Information System

參考文獻

9. David L. Olson, 2003, Managerial Issues of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, McGraw-Hill Education

10. English 1986, U.S. Military Communication Computer Science Press.

11. Bill Gates, Hemingway, 1999, Business @ the speed of thought – using a digital nervous system, Warner Books.

12. James C. McGroddy, 2000, Realizing the potential of C4I – fundamental challenges, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Narional Research Council.

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