非晶矽薄膜太陽能電池之設計、模擬與量測

Design, Simulation and Characterization of Thin Film Amorphous Silicon Based Solar Cells

趙澤民(Tse-Min Chao)

指導教授 ： 劉致為

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電子工程學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.10064

摘要

在本論文中，主要利用電腦輔助設計軟體針對非晶矽基太陽能電池進行模擬與設計。並藉此進行元件設計的最佳化與討論其相關物理機制。
首先以單接面非晶矽與微晶矽太陽能電池進行模擬，並將模擬所得之照光下電流-電壓特性與實驗量測到之數據作比較，以確認所使用模擬參數之準確性。之後，根據實際電池的結構分析，針對透明導電層上的紋理結構進行尺寸最佳化與相關討論。得出在高深寬比的結構中，內部電場變化將會更顯著地影響電池產生的短路電流。
多接面太陽能電池已被利用為提升轉換效率的有效方法。利用非晶矽/微晶矽雙層堆疊的架構，進行中間反射層的設計分析。進行兩種三接面非晶矽基電池的模擬，得其紋理結構之最佳化結果。並討論在不同光譜下，雙接面電池中因為子電池光電流不匹配所造成的整體電池之特性變化。
從非晶矽基太陽能電池在高溫環境下的特性量測可知多序矽材料具有相近於非晶矽之溫度係數。而非晶矽/微晶矽雙層堆疊電池於低照度下的特性，得到模擬與實驗相近的趨勢。透過對單層非晶矽與非晶矽/微晶矽雙層堆疊電池進行劣化與回復的實驗，可以發現雙層電池具有較低程度之劣化與較易於回復之特性。對此易於回復的特性，提出可能之解釋與探討內部物理機制。

關鍵字

非晶矽基太陽能電池 ； 非晶矽 ； 微晶矽 ； 多序矽

並列摘要

In this thesis, we used TCAD program to simulate and design the amorphous silicon based solar cells. According to simulation results, the optimization of solar cell design and related physical mechanism can be obtained.
The simulated illumination current-voltage characteristics of single junction a-Si:H and μc-Si:H were compared to experimental results for verifying the accuracy of material parameters. Based on the analysis of realistic thin film Si solar cells, the optimizations of surface textures were done and some discussions were given. It turned out that the change of built-in electric field will affect the generated short-circuit current more significantly in a high aspect ratio texture structure.
The multi-junction solar cell design was considered as a way to increase the conversion efficiency. The analysis and design of an intermediate reflector layer inserted between a-Si:H and μc-Si:H were done. Two triple-junction a-Si:H based solar cells were simulated and their texture optimizations were given as well. The current mismatch effect of the micromorph tandem cell caused by spectrum variations was discussed.
According to the characterizations of a-Si:H based cells under high temperature conditions, polymorphous silicon was found to have a similar temperature coefficient like a-Si:H. The simulation results of the micromorph tandem cell under low irradiance conditions showed consistent trend with experimental results. Through experiments on degradation and recovery of single junction a-Si:H and the micromorph cells, it is found that the micromorph cell had minor light-induced degradation and enhanced recovery compared to single junction a-Si:H cell. The reason of this enhanced recovery and its physical mechanism were discussed.

並列關鍵字

Amorphous silicon based solar cells ； amorphous silicon ； microcrystalline silicon ； polymorphous silicon

參考文獻

[6] C-Y Huang, CIGS and Micromorph Solar Cell Simulation, Master Thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (2010).

[3] E. A. Schiff, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 78, 567 (2003).

[5] W-Y Lin, Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Film Solar Cell Simulation, Master Thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (2009).

[8] B. Yan et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, 782 (2003).

[9] B. Yan et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 85, 1955 (2004).