奈米纖維複合材料作為水果包材之應用

Application of Cellulose Nanocomposite for Fruit Packaging

李青芳(Qing-Fang Li)

指導教授 ： 柯淳涵

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/森林環境暨資源學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202002272

摘要

台灣水果於運輸過程中缺乏適當水果保鮮袋及運送方法，且運輸過程為密閉空間，當水果釋放出乙烯會無法擴散至外部，並加快水果之熟成速度，故抑制乙烯的生成及擴散是水果保鮮的關鍵。
奈米纖維材料應用於食品包裝材中具良好的空氣阻隔性，而奈米高嶺土現今已應用於對氧氣敏感食品的熱成型容器中，這兩者天然材料對於降低水果生成及擴散乙烯具有很大的潛力。
本研究以不同比例之奈米纖維材料(Cellulose nanofibrils, CNF和Cellulose nanocrystals, CNC)、奈米高嶺土(Nanoclay, NC)、羧甲基纖維素(Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC)及烷基烯酮二聚體(Alkyl ketene dimmer, AKD)配製成塗料。塗料性質顯示，CMC含量越多，其界面電位越高，表示奈米纖維材料之懸浮程度越佳，且團聚現象降低。紙張性質顯示，塗料(I) 5.36NC-5CNF-5CMC-2AKD之氣體及水蒸氣阻隔性最佳。和未塗佈紙(影印紙)相比，其氣體阻隔性大約增加94.21%，而水蒸氣阻隔性大約增加42.27%。在乙烯穿透測定及水果保鮮試驗中，也顯示塗料(I) 5.36NC-5CNF-5CMC-2AKD具有降低乙烯擴散之作用及保鮮作用。因此本研究塗料(I) 5.36NC-5CNF-5CMC-2AKD具有潛力應用於水果之保鮮。

關鍵字

包裝材料 ； 水果保鮮 ； 奈米纖維材料 ； 奈米高嶺土 ； 乙烯

並列摘要

In the Taiwan, the fruit transport process lacks appropriate packaging materials and methods. The fruit is transported in a closed space. When fruits release ethylene it is not released outside, thus speeding up the ripening of fruits. Therefore, inhibiting and diffusing ethylene is the key to the preservation of fruits.
Cellulose nanomaterials used in food packaging materials have good air barrier properties. Nanoclay has been used in thermoforming containers for foods that are sensitive to oxygen. These natural materials have great potential for reducing the production and diffusion of ethylene in fruit.
In this study, different proportions of cellulose nanomaterials (Cellulose nanofibrils, CNF and cellulose nanocrystals, CNC), nanoclay (NC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) were formulated into coatings. The coating properties showed that more CMC content led to higher zeta potential, indicating that the better the suspension degree of cellulose nanomaterials, the lower the agglomeration phenomenon. The findings of this study showed that the air and water vapor barrier properties of coating (I) 5.36NC-5CNF-5CMC-2AKD were the best. Compared with uncoated paper (copier paper), its air resistance increased 94.21%, while the water vapor barrier increased 42.27%. The ethylene transmission measurement and fruit freshness determination showed that coating (I) 5.36NC-5CNF-5CMC-2AKD had the effects of reducing the production and diffusion of ethylene and promoting fruit preservation. Therefore, coating (I) 5.36NC-5CNF-5CMC-2AKD has the potential to be applied for the preservation of fruits.

並列關鍵字

Packaging materials ； Fruit preservation ； Cellulose nanomaterials ； Nanoclay ； Ethylene

參考文獻

Alba, R., Payton, P., Fei, Z., McQuinn, R., Debbie, P., Martin, G. B., Tank, S. D., Giovannoni, J. J. (2005). Transcriptome and selected metabolite analyses reveal multiple points of ethylene control during tomato fruit development. The Plant Cell, 17(11), 2954-2965.

Amini, E., Azadfallah, M., Layeghi, M., Talaei-Hassanloui, R. (2016). Silver-nanoparticle-impregnated cellulose nanofiber coating for packaging paper. Cellulose, 23(1), 557-570.

Araki, J., Wada, M., Kuga, S., Okano, T. (1998). Flow properties of microcrystalline cellulose suspension prepared by acid treatment of native cellulose. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 142(1), 75-82.

Argueso, C. T., Hansen, M., Kieber, J. J. (2007). Regulation of ethylene biosynthesis. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 26(2), 92-105.

Belbekhouche, S., Bras, J., Siqueira, G., Chappey, C., Lebrun, L., Khelifi, B., Marais, S., Dufresne, A. (2011). Water sorption behavior and gas barrier properties of cellulose whiskers and microfibrils films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 83(4), 1740-1748.