公辦市地重劃之法規適用與合憲性研究

公辦市地重劃為實現都市計畫手段之一，為行政計畫之一端，而重劃土地之重新分配與重劃負擔為貫穿市地重劃之核心，該制度之運作產生政府得以無償取得重劃區內公共設施用建設之結果，雖可減輕政府財政負擔，但制度運作亦主要造成重劃區內土地所有權人及其他利害關係人財產權、居住自由及遷徙自由的干預，且公辦市地重劃制度相關法規範體系混亂，更有法規範不足之問題。因此本文試圖先歸納公辦市地重劃制度之特徵，再以違憲審查角度分析該制度之法規範及司法實務運作，審查國家行為是否合乎憲法原則，並給予相應之修法建議。

關鍵字

公辦市地重劃；土地開發；正當行政程序；市地交換分合；重劃負擔

並列摘要

Urban Land Readjustment by government is one of the measures for Urban Planning. The most important part of Urban Land Readjustment is included redistribution and the cost of readjustment, the way that government carry out the Urban Land Readjustment could empower it to gratuitously acquire the land for infrastructure. Although this method could ease the fiscal burden of government, the way it processes would mainly affects the property rights of landowners and other relevant stakeholders, the freedom of resident and the freedom of movement. Moreover, the Urban Land Readjustment are lack of comprehensive regulations and legal binding system to implement by far. In this case, this thesis discusses through categorizing the features of Urban Land Readjustment and analyzing this measure by constitutional review and judicial practice. Subsequently, reviewing if constitutionality of Urban Land Readjustment by government and proposing the legal advice and amendment of legal act.