電動機車能源管理與電子換檔技術研發

Energy Management and Electrical Transmission For Electric Vehicles

王燦鎮(Tsan-Jen Wang)

指導教授 ： 陽毅平

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00352

摘要

本論文提出一種方法可使電動機車具有換檔的弁遄A經由改變馬達的供應電壓及馬達繞組串並聯，可組合出四種檔次，以自動換檔的方式使電動機車行駛在各檔次的高效率區，將可提高電動機車動力系統的效率。
能量管理策略是利用開路電壓法、安培小時補償法及暫態電壓估測法，個別的量測四顆電池的殘餘電量，可提供駕駛人可靠的殘電量指示，亦可避免電池因過度放電傷害電池。
本文由馬達的力矩及效率討論各檔次的切換時機；實驗時是以馬達效率為考量下，以ECE40行車型態測試續航力時，發現若使電動機車動力系統運轉在各檔次的最佳效率曲線上時，將可增加電動機車20%的續航力。

關鍵字

電動機車 ； 能量管理 ； 電子換檔

並列摘要

The thesis proposes a novel technology of electric transmission system for electric vehicles. By changing the supply voltage and phase windings of the motor, the electric transmission system can compose four gear types. Thus, the electric vehicles can work in high efficient conditions. In other words, with the proposed electric transmission system, the efficiency of the power system electric vehicles will be increased.

Second, the thesis also presents three energy management strategies, which are open circuit voltage, ampere-hour compensation and transient open circuit voltage estimation methods. By measuring the residual energy of four batteries respectively, the methods can provide driver reliable residual energy display so that can avoid the batteries from running out of energy.

Finally, the timing of switching among four gears can be determined by the torque output and efficiency of the motors. The experiment result shows that the electric vehicles will increase 20% cruise ability if the power system of the four gears working in the best efficient condition.

並列關鍵字

Energy Management ； Electric Vehicles ； Electrical Transmission

參考文獻

[4] Morchin W.C., “Energy management in hybrid electric vehicles,” The AIAA/IEEE/SAE Digital Avionics Systems Conference, Vol.2, pp.I41/1-I41/6, Oct.31-Nov.7 1998.

[6] Mellor P.H., N. Schofield, D. Howe, “Flywheel and supercapacitor peak power buffer technologies,” IEE Seminar-Electric, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Vehicles, pp.8/1- 8/5, April 2000.

[8] Castelli G., A. Macii, E. Macii, M. Poncino, “Current-controlled policies for battery-driven dynamic power management,” IEEE International Conference Electronics, Circuits and Systems, Vol.2, pp.959-962, Sept.2-5 2001.

[11] Hong Huang, Liuchen Chang, “Electrical two-speed propulsion by motor winding switching and its control strategies for electric vehicles,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol.48 pp.607-618, March 1999.

[12] Anderson W.M., C.S. Cambier, “Integrated electric vehicle drive,” SAE.SP-862, Electric vehicle power systems, pp.63-68, Feb.1991.