桃竹苗區域之海岸帶地質特徵

Geologic Characteristics of Costal Zone along Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli in western Taiwan

王玟心(Wen-Hsin Wang)

指導教授 ： 俞何興

國立臺灣大學/理學院/海洋研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00360

摘要

海岸區域是人類經濟活動的重要場所，由於其影響民生的重要性，研究海岸帶有其必要性。了解海岸帶的特性，才能對海岸帶做出最佳的管理、運用與維護。
本研究利用GIS軟體整合海域的水深資料與陸上的高程資料，繪製海岸帶剖面圖，分析海岸帶的地形地貌特徵，再配合實地觀察，了解海灘沈積物的特性及其分佈。
桃竹苗的海岸帶，其海岸線長共計118km，在缺乏暴潮資料下，海岸帶的上界可視為海灘在陸地範圍的上限，而其下界約在水深30m處的碎浪帶。海岸帶的寬度約4∼9km，海陸落差約在45m以下。由沈積物的顆粒分析結果顯示，桃園的海灘屬中粒砂級，灘面呈亮黃色；新竹的海灘屬中粒砂級與沙泥質海埔地，灘面呈灰黑色；苗栗屬細粒砂級且淘選度佳，灘面呈亮黃色。海灘組成物質皆為砂，且侵淤互現，常見的地形有潟湖、沙洲、沙嘴和海灣等堆積海岸形貌。桃竹苗海岸帶剖面顯示此區的灘坡平緩，並有槽地與沙洲，唯在永安漁港發育成潟湖與離岸沙洲。

關鍵字

海岸帶剖面 ； 地形地貌 ； MapInfo ； 海岸海洋 ； 數值地形模型 ； 海岸帶 ； 海岸 ； 海岸線

並列摘要

The coastal zone is one of the most important fields of human’s economic activities. Due to it matters much in modern human living and lives, the research of the coastal zone is necessarily inevitable. Only through the understanding of the characteristics of the coastal zone then we can best ultilize, manage and preserve the coastal zone.
This thesis adapts the software of GIS to integrate all the data, including depths of maritime space and heights of the land space into a cross-sectional view of the coastal zone. And then analyzing the features and characteristics of the topography combined with the field research to find out the characteristics and the distribution of the sediment of the beaches.
The coastal zone of Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli is alongside the north western part of Taiwan, approximately 118 kilometers in length. Since the lack of the information of sudden tides, the upper limit of the coastal line is regarded as the upper limit of beaches’ distribution and locations in the area of land. As the lower limit of the coastal line, it is defined as around the surf zone, namely 30 meters under water in depth. The width of coastal zone is nearly 4 to 9 kilometers, and drop height is about under 45 meters between the sea limit and land limit. Base on grain size analysis results of sediment’s granular structure, the sand in Taoyuan’s beaches is categrorized as middle-size granule, the reflecting color of the beaches is apricot-yellow. Hsinchu’s beaches are basically consisted of middle-size granule and the tide gravel-bed with sandal-mud, the reflecting color of the beaches is dark-gray. As for Miaoli’s sand is tiny-size granule and has fine sorting, and the reflecting color is apricot-yellow. The compositions of the beach are all sand. Because of the natured phenomenon of the erosion as well as deposit occurred by turns, most of the terrain containing lagoons, sand bars, spits and bays are belongs to deposition shore. The cross-section view of the coastal zone in Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli shows that the slope of the beaches are gradual and gentle, and there are troughs and sand bars. Only in Yongan fishing port, the lagoons and offshore bars occur.

並列關鍵字

Coastal Ocean ； Coastline ； Hsinchu ； Taoyuan ； Coastal Zone ； Coast ； Geologic Characteristics ； MapInfo ； Miaoli ； Coastal zone profile ； DTM

參考文獻

史天元(2000) 橫麥卡脫（TM）座標與經緯度轉換。地籍測量，第19卷，第2期1-9頁。

內政部地政司全球資訊網(2004)

Carter, R.W.G.(1988) Coastal Environments. Academic Press, London.

Clark, J. R.(1996) Coastal Zone Management Handbook. Lewis Publishers Inc., New York, USA.

Friedman G..M. and J.E. Sanders(1978) Principles of sedimentation processes revealed by echo-character mapping studies, northwestern Mediterranean basin. AAPG Bull., v.82, pp. 1140-1155.