由報刊到網路之新聞華語教學設計研究

華語課程開設類型多元，在眾多華語課中，新聞課常為學習者的熱門之選。學習者透過華語新聞，一方面可培養中文語感，一方面也能對華語社會文化有更深入的了解。然而從教學的角度來看，新聞的傳播媒介多元，其學習的難度也因媒介不同有所差異，況新聞並非專為第二語言教學編製，語體有其特殊性，且新聞數量龐大又具時效性，教師選編時須下一番功夫。本研究以新聞入門學習材料之「報刊新聞」和「網路文字報導」為基礎，探討新聞教學，提出一套依新聞特色設計，並融合報刊及網路新聞特點的新聞入門教材選編方法與教學模式。此模式能系統性地幫助教師自廣雜的新聞材料中，選編適宜教學的材料，並突出報刊及網路新聞的特點，以「由讀到說」為主要教學策略，發展一套由報刊到網路的新聞華語教學設計，使初接觸新聞的學習者能熟悉新聞特色，進一步開拓眼界，培養獨立閱讀和思維辨析的能力。本文探討新聞華語教學，分析報刊和網路新聞的相似和相異之處，作為本研究之理論依據，並透過訪談及教材分析，了解新聞華語課的實際實施情況，再根據新聞課特性，融會報刊、網路新聞的特色，提出教材選編及教學設計的模式，期望以此提供新聞華語之教學選擇，引領學習者發現報刊及網路新聞的特性，了解新聞華語閱讀的方法，引發更深入的思考。

關鍵字

華語教學；新聞華語；報刊新聞；網路新聞；新聞教材

並列摘要

There are multiple types of Chinese language courses. In many Chinese programs, news classes are often a popular choice for learners. Through Chinese news, learners can both cultivate a sense of Chinese language and develop a deeper understanding of Chinese society and culture. However, from a teaching point of view, news media is diverse, and the language difficulty level varies from one media source to another. In addition, news language style has its own particularities and is not specifically written for second language teaching. Teachers need to go to great effort when selecting news for teaching materials because of the vast amount and time-sensitivity of its content. This study explores news teaching, based on “newspaper” and “Internet text reporting” for beginning-level news learning materials. The purpose of this research is to propose a method of news materials selection and news teaching, based on the characteristics of news content and the integration of newspapers and internet news. This model can systematically help teachers select suitable materials from a wide range of news, highlight the characteristics of newspapers and online news, and use the "reading and speaking" method as the main teaching strategy to develop a news instructional design. This instructional design from newspaper to online news enables learners who are news Chinese beginners to become familiar with news features, further expand their horizons as well as develop independent reading and thinking skills. This study discusses Chinese news teaching and analyzes the similarities and differences between newspapers and online news as the theoretical basis for this study. Through interviews and analysis of teaching materials, we can understand the actual implementation of Chinese news classes. Based on the results, a method for the selection of teaching materials and teaching design patterns are proposed, combining the features of newspapers and online news. This study hopes to provide a news teaching option to guide learners in discovering the characteristics of newspapers and online news as well as to let learners acquire strategies of Chinese news reading to trigger deeper thinking.