七種中草藥免疫調節功能之研究

Studies on the Immunomodulatory Properties of Seven Chinese Medicinal Plants

郭肇凱(Xhao-Kai Kuo)

指導教授 ： 許輔

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.00630

摘要

本研究探討山防風(Echinops grijsii)、山葡萄(Ampelopsis brevipedunculata Maxim)、白鶴靈芝(Rhinacanthus nasutus L. Kurz)、荔枝草(Salvia plebeia R. Brown)、雞血藤(Millettia reticulata)、砂仁(Amomi fructus)與紅棗(Zizyphus jujube Mill) 等七種中草藥之水萃冷凍乾燥粉末的免疫調節活性。
體外免疫調節活性試驗發現，山防風與荔枝草樣本於濃度400 µg/mL以下時，能夠直接活化巨噬細胞株RAW 264.7產生一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO) 與腫瘤壞死因子(TNF-α)，並具有劑量效應；而山防風、山葡萄、砂仁與荔枝草等四種中草藥樣本均能顯著(P<0.05)提高處理後的小鼠脾細胞之IFN-r分泌量，其中以山防風與荔枝草的效果最佳；至於雞血藤、荔枝草與紅棗可以提高脾細胞對MTT的代謝，而山防風、白鶴靈芝草與紅棗在細胞核酸複製利用BrdU之分析中具有提高小鼠脾細胞增生的活性。
體內非特異性免疫調節活性試驗發現，餵食中草藥荔枝草之小鼠，相較於對照組可以顯著(P<0.05)活化腹腔巨噬細胞與脾貼附細胞產生NO與TNF-α；而餵食中草藥砂仁、山葡萄與紅棗之小鼠，相較於對照組產生之NO與TNF-α則相對降低。其他餵食荔枝草、砂仁與白鶴靈芝草之小鼠，血清中之IFN-r相較於對照組有顯著(P<0.05)之提高；而餵食山葡萄、雞血藤與砂仁之小鼠，其血清中之IL-4相較於餵食對照組則有顯著(P<0.05)之提高；餵食山防風、白鶴靈芝草、荔枝草與砂仁等中草藥之單核球百分吞噬率可以顯著(P<0.05)高於對照組之結果。
體內OVA特異性免疫調節活性試驗發現，餵食荔枝草與紅棗之小鼠脾細胞，相較於對照組可以顯著(P<0.05)產生OVA特異性之IFN-r；而餵食山防風、荔枝草與雞血藤之小鼠脾細胞，相較於對照組則會顯著(P<0.05)增加OVA特異性之脾細胞增生率。此外，餵食中草藥山防風與山葡萄之小鼠血清，相較於對照組則會產生顯著(P<0.05) OVA特異性之IgG，有助於體液防禦對抗侵害性之特異抗原。
由體外與體內試驗結果，發現中草藥之水萃物中具有免疫調節功能之物質，然而其有效成份與機制尚不清楚，但深具醫藥治療之研究潛力。

關鍵字

中草藥 ； 免疫調節功能 ； 山防風 ； 山葡萄 ； 白鶴靈芝草 ； 荔枝草 ； 雞血藤 ； 砂仁 ； 紅棗

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the powders freeze-dried from water extract of seven Chinese medicinal plants, including Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim), Amomi fructus, Echinops grijsii, Millettia reticulata, Rhinacanthus nasutus L. Kurz, Salvia plebeia R. Brown, and Zizyphus jujube Mill.
In vitro immunomodulatory experiments showed that E. grijsii and S. plebeian R. Brown (0-400 µg/mL) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages to produce NO and secrete TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. E. grijsii, A. brevipedunculata (Maxim), A. fructus, and S. plebeia R. Brown significantly (P<0.05) promoted the IFN-r secretion of mouse splenocytes. Moreover, M. reticulata, S. plebeia R. Brown, and Z. jujube Mill improved the MTT metabolization of mouse splenocytes, and E. grijsii, R. nasutus L. Kurz and Z. jujube Mill promoted cell proliferation of mouse splenocytes detected by BrdU uptake analysis.
The non-specific immunomodulatory experiments showed that administration of S. plebeia R. Brown significantly (P<0.05) stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages and adherent splenocytes to produce NO and secrete TNF-α. Administration of A. fructus, A. brevipedunculata (Maxim), and Z. jujube Mill significantly (P<0.05) decreased the NO production and TNF-α secretion by mouse peritoneal macrophages and adherent splenocytes. Administration of S. plebeia R. Brown, A. fructus, and R. nasutus L. Kurz significantly (P<0.05) increased the IFN-r secretion in serum. Administration of A. brevipedunculata (Maxim), M. reticulata, and A. fructus significantly (P<0.05) increased the IL-4 secretion in serum. Administration of E. grijsii, R. nasutus L. Kurz, S. plebeia R. Brown and A. fructus significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the phagocytosis percentage of monocytes.
The OVA-specific experiment showed that the administration of S. plebeia R. Brown and Z. jujube Mill significantly (P<0.05) increased OVA-specific IFN-r secretion by mouse splenocytes. Administration of E. grijsii, S. plebeia R. Brown, and M. reticulate significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the OVA-specific cell proliferation of mouse splenocytes. Moreover, administration of E. grijsii and A. brevipedunculata (Maxim) significantly (P<0.05) enhanced OVA-specific IgG production.
The results of in-vitro and in-vivo experiments showed that the water extract of these seven Chinese medicinal plants had immunomodulatory functions. Although the active components and mechanisms have not been confirmed, these Chinese medicinal plants might still have potentials in related medicinal applications.

並列關鍵字

Chinese medicinal plants ； immunomodulatory function ； Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim) ； Amomi fructus ； Echinops grijsii ； Millettia reticulata ； Rhinacanthus nasutus L. Kurz ； Salvia plebeia R. Brown ； Zizyphus jujube Mill

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