網路人格權之研究－以名譽權侵害為中心

民法之人格權中名譽權侵害規範，以及刑法妨害名譽罪章，為我國目前名譽侵害之兩大救濟方式，惟兩者間仍有數項不同的差異，本文即針對此先行討論，敘述民法名譽權之基本性質，以及名譽權於憲法上之調和後，再針對刑法上妨害名譽罪章之要件、法效加以解析。再者，本文將著重網路名譽之特殊性，即網路帳號之多元性、網路聊天的即時性等等，並從此中分析網路名譽於現行實務中判斷之困難。緊接著，本文將引進數個網路名譽侵害的實務案例，透過實務判決理由之闡述，去講解網路帳號、身分與現實人格間連結之肯認與否理由，並且提出本文之見解。最後除了講解救濟方式外，本文亦有介紹數種未來可能引進之方式，例如網路霸凌之相關修法、妨害名譽罪除罪化等等可能，希望可以改善現今實務上名譽侵害認定之疑慮。

關鍵字

名譽權；言論自由；妨害名譽罪；誹謗罪；網路帳號

並列摘要

Right of Fame is one of the special personality rights in the Civil Code of Taiwan. On the other hand, the offense of defamation in the Criminal Code can also protect people’s reputation. This thesis first discusses the difference between the protection for reputation in civil law and criminal law. Secondly, we will focus on a couple of characteristics of internet. Due to the diversity of ID numbers and the immediacy of online chatting, it is difficult for traditional law to rule Defamation perfectly in modern society. Several cases are introduced to examine whether the judges think there is a connection between the ID number and the the person’s identity in reality, and this thesis holds that there should be a connection between them. Last but not least, this thesis compares the compensation of defamation in the Civil Code and the Criminal Code in order to establish a better system of remedy.