行動通訊技術演進與印刷電路板產業績效關係之實證研究

An Empirical Study on the Relationship between the Evolution of Mobile Communication Technology and the Performance of Printed Circuit Board Industry

徐惠秋(Hui-Chiu Hsu)

指導教授 ： 林惠玲

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/經濟學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202003192

摘要

本文主旨在探討行動通訊技術演進，對印刷電路板產業經營績效之影響及其關聯性。本研究首先探討兩者之關聯，接著以「結構-行為-績效」模型分析在行動通訊技術不斷演進的背景下，企業因應之行為及策略，以及影響經營績效的因素。最後以追蹤資料模型進行實證研究，樣本資料取自台灣經濟新報資料庫，期間為1988年至2019年，研究對象為台灣印刷電路板產業，並將資料區分為二部分，第一部分為整體產業，而第二部分將產業區分為上游、中游及下游。
實證結果主要發現，通訊技術屢次躍進，改變了市場結構，亦改變企業的競爭環境。首先探討企業的成長面，資本密集度隨著銷貨收入成長趨勢而變動至關重要，2000年前憑藉美日商的技術移入效應，及產品的高度標準化，企業擴大規模以量取勝，並建立商譽效益。2000年後，通訊技術的發展推動產品結構變革，規模已非關鍵，廠商運用策略為提高勞動與資本生產力，研發投入與專利技術難於短期內看出直接效應。進一步比較產業鏈上中下游各自優勢，觀察到研發、專利技術對整體績效表現確有助益，說明企業透過內部資源的整合，而產業鏈透過垂直整合，皆可創造綜效。接著探討企業的獲利面，營收成長與研發密度遞延效果、商譽與無形資產變動率皆產生連帶顯著正向影響。而提高獲利策略，2000年後企業除了擴充產能，更重視提高生產力。產業鏈於區隔後的實證結果與上述大致相同，差異在於產業上游在資本密集度變動面，而產業中下游在勞動生產力面有正向顯著影響。進一步分析，產業上游應增加資產利用率，而產業中游的研發密度與無形資產變動率對績效有顯著正相關，推測為研發密度隨著營收趨勢調整，加上產業下游資訊及技術外溢，讓其能掌握先機。整體而言，通訊技術升級對印刷電路板市場需求確實產生正向影響效應，而企業相應的策略及行為亦會對績效產生不同的影響效果。

關鍵字

印刷電路板產業 ； 行動通訊技術 ； 追蹤資料模型 ； 績效 ； 產業鏈

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the evolution of mobile communication technology and the performance of PCB industry. First, survey the relationship of the both, and then analyze PCB industry by the "S-C-P" model. Finally, the analysis applies the panel data model for the empirical research. The sample data is taken from the TEJ database. The period is from 1988 to 2019. The object is the PCB industry in Taiwan, the data is divided into two parts, the first part is the whole industry and the second part divides the industry chain into upstream, midstream and downstream.
Our results indicate that communication technology has frequently advanced, which has changed the market structure and the environment. First, about the growth of enterprises. It’s a good way that capital intensity changes with trend of sales revenue. Before 2000, enterprises’ revenue increase because of the technology transfer from the United States and Japan and standard products, but expansion of scale after 2000 is not important. The promotion of labor and capital productivity has a positive impact, in addition, intangible assets and R D may have no direct connection but helpful for the performance. Further the enterprises achieve goals through the advantages of industrial chain and vertical integration of resources. Second, about ROA, after 2000 the deferred effect of revenue growth rate and R D density have significant positive impact. Further found that the capital intensity of upstream industry and the labor productivity of the other two industries have significant positive impacts; intangible assets of the midstream industry have significant positive impacts result from the spillover effects of information and technology from the downstream industry. In conclusion, the upgrade of mobile communication technology does inspire the demand of PCB, and the different strategies and behaviors of enterprises will also lead to different performance.

並列關鍵字

PCB ； mobile communication technology ； panel data ； performance ； industry chain

參考文獻

英文部分

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