印刷電路板生命週期終端環境衝擊與經濟績效之研究

The Study of Environmental Impact and Economic Performances of End of Life for PCBs

蔡季廷(CHI-TING TSAI)

指導教授 ： 林盛隆

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2018年)

摘要

當生產越多的電子產品，就會有越多的電子廢棄物產生，大量的電子廢棄物儼然成為世界上各個國家當務之急的環境問題。即使各國政府都有制定相關回收再利用計畫來使這些電子廢棄物再生，卻依然無法避免電子廢棄物在循環經濟中流向一般垃圾。電子廢棄物中印刷電路板是不可或缺的主要零件，也是電子垃圾中對環境有重大影響的零件。本研究運用生命週期評估(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA)、生命週期成本評估(Life Cycle Costing Assessment, LCCA)兩種方法，探討廢印刷電路板資源化技術的各階段能資源使用情形與環境衝擊熱點，並推估生命週期各階段的產值與成本耗用，以瞭解其經濟效益。
研究結果顯示，印刷電路板在機械物理法的技術中，除塵器的設備產生環境衝擊最大，造成約73%的環境衝擊，主要原因是設備使用過程產生可吸入性無機物比例較高。在純化過程則是以金在燃燒精練的環境衝擊最高，原因在於過程中所產生的PM2.5的貢獻度較高。
在經濟效益分析是以生命週期成本評估為工具。從印刷電路板進到回收處理場開始到變成各種有價值之金屬與非金屬過程中所有的產值與成本，並與市場波動價格的調整，計算出最佳之經濟效益。

關鍵字

生命週期評估 ； 生命週期成本評估 ； 印刷電路板 ； 機械物理法 ； 電子廢料 ； 循環經濟

並列摘要

The more electronic products are produced, the more electronic waste is produced, and the large amount of electronic waste has become an urgent environmental issue for all countries in the world. Even if governments have developed relevant recycling programs to regenerate these e-wastes, they still cannot avoid the flow of e-waste in the recycling economy to general waste, especially the printed circuit boards that are difficult to dismantle. Printed circuit boards in electronic waste are indispensable main parts and parts of electronic waste that have a significant impact on the environment. This study uses Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing Assessment (LCCA) to explore the use of energy resources and environmental impact hotspots at all stages of waste printed circuit board resource technology. And estimate the output value and cost consumption of each stage of the life cycle to understand its economic benefits.
The research results show that in the resource physics technology of the printed circuit board, the equipment of the dust collector has the largest environmental impact, causing about 73% environmental impact. The main reason is that the proportion of inhalable inorganic substances is high during the use of the equipment. In the purification process, the impact of gold in the combustion and scouring environment is the highest, because the contribution of PM2.5 generated in the process is higher.
The economic benefit analysis is based on life cycle cost assessment. From the beginning of the printed circuit board to the recycling process to all the value and cost of the various metal and non-metal processes, and the adjustment of the market price fluctuations, calculate the best economic benefits.

並列關鍵字

Life cycle assessment ； Life cycle cost assessment ； printed circuit board ； mechanical physics ； e-waste ； circular economy

參考文獻

王慧茹，「第三類產品環境宣告差異性比較研究-以TFT-LCD產品模組為例」，碩士論文，臺北科技大學環境工程與管理研究所，台北(2009) 。

李佩蓓，「結合IO-LCA與碳足跡評估分析研究：以IC業為例」，碩士論文，國立成功大學環境工程系，台南(2010)。

一、 外文文獻

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