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功能解釋在資訊管理研究的應用

Functionalist Explanation applied in Information Management Research

指導教授 : 謝清佳
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摘要


實證科學之目的在於理解與解釋「現象為何發生」,最常使用因果解釋模式,來解釋變項之間的關係。但是有一些現象,是基於人們目的下的行為所產生的現象,不同於因果解釋,並非具有前因後果的時間順序關係,「功能解釋(functionalist explanation)」則提供另一個推理邏輯的架構。然而,迄今在資訊管理學域裡,做功能解釋研究卻仍是寥寥無幾。因此,本研究旨在探討功能解釋在資訊管理研究的應用。 在資訊管理學域裡,功能解釋是相對較新的方法。對照於因果解釋模式來看,並不是以有其「因」必得其「果」的解釋,對現象作預測與控制。功能解釋的特色在於,著重於人們目的下的行為結果,提供個殊情境下的整體理解,以行為的「實際結果」來解釋事件為什麼「持續發生的原因」,聚焦於一些獨特的負面現象,找出「功能」,解釋表象行為背後潛藏的深層想法。然而,功能解釋有分析步驟,卻無法獲知該如何找出「功能」來解釋現象。因此,本研究企圖找出功能解釋應用於資訊管理研究,三項待解決的問題:(1)就操作面來說,可否建立確切的研究步驟與工具? (2)就現象解釋面來說,其解釋力有何特色? (3) 就理論面來說,功能解釋能夠用來形成理論嗎? 基於此,本研究利用功能解釋既有的分析步驟,引領三個個案實作功能解釋研究,深入瞭解功能解釋在操作面、現象解釋面,以及理論面等問題。 本研究藉由三個個案實作的經驗與文獻分析,主要研究貢獻:(1) 建立功能解釋確切的研究步驟與分析工具;(2) 瞭解功能解釋解釋力的特色、解釋層面,以及所能解釋的現象;(3) 確認功能解釋之研究具備測試理論與修正理論之能力;(4) 為功能解釋在資訊管理研究學域中作一定位;(5) 理解功能解釋未能廣泛採用的原因;期待功能解釋能豐富資訊管理學域之研究。

並列摘要


Empirical science is to understand and further explain the occurrence of the phenomena interested. It adopts most frequently the causal explanation which explains the relationship among variables. Nevertheless, some phenomena which are originally raised from some specific purposes of human behavior cannot be properly interpreted by the causal explanation.  Functionalist explanation then provides a logical-reasoning alternative for such cases. However, there are, so far, still very few researches on functionalist explanation in information management research. Therefore, this study explores functionalist explanation applied in information management research. In information management research, the functionalist explanation is a relatively new approach. It focuses on the causes of the persistency of incidents, but not the causes of the occurrence of incidents. Its characteristics include focusing on the outcomes of human behavior under specific purposes, providing the whole understanding of specific situation, explaining why the incidents persist by some negative effects, and finding "the function" to dig out the deep belief behind the appearance behavior. The main contributions of this research on functionalist explanation are (1) to establish its operational steps and analytical tools; (2) to understand its characteristics for the interpretation power; (3) to confirm its ability on testing and amending theories; (4) to position it in information management research; (5) to explain why it has not been widely used. Through these contributions, it is expected that the research of information management could be enriched by the functionalist explanation.

參考文獻


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