可撓式RF感測器應用於PEM燃料電池內部溫濕度檢測

Application of flexible RF sensors for humidity and temperature measurements within PEM fuel cell

黃皓修(Hao-Hsiu Huang)

指導教授 ： 陳炳煇

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.01374

摘要

在質子交換膜燃料電池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell)中，由於流道上的積水對電池性能的影響具有關鍵性因素，故在內部做溫濕度檢測對於燃料電池相當地重要。一般傳統市售的溫濕度感測器相較於燃料電池而言，體積過於龐大導致無法嵌入於電池內部，在流道上做溫濕度監測的動作。因此，本研究之目的在開發薄型、可撓式微型溫濕度感測元件並整合一無線射頻模組(RF module)應用於質子交換膜燃料電池的內部溫濕度檢測，實現量測的可行性與方便性。
本研架構主要分為四大部份：1.電容式濕度感測器製作。2.電阻式溫度感測器製作。3.無線射頻模組之整合。4.流道上溫濕度的即時監測。感測元件採用微機電製程(micro electromechanical system)的方式分別製作微型溫濕度感測器，其元件採用聚對二甲苯(parylene)作為可撓性基材。製作完成後微型濕度感測元件的靈敏度為0.83pF/%RH，溫度感測器的靈敏度為2.94×〖10〗^(-3) ℃^(-1)。在成功開發可撓式微型感測元件後，將其整合於無線模組，並透過433Mhz的載波把訊號傳送到接收器處，經由測試，此無線感測系統的反應時間低於0.25秒，訊號傳送最大距離為4公尺。最後，在燃料電池內部溫濕度觀測部分，把感測元件埋置於流道上並將電池做組裝，即時監測在穩定電壓中的燃料電池內部溫濕度狀態。在燃料電池內部有、無微型感測器的性能比較上，無微型感測器的電池最大功率為15.9 mW•cm^(-2)，而有感測元件的電池最大功率為14.76 mW•cm^(-2)，其性能共降低7.17%。

關鍵字

微濕度感測元件 ； 微溫度感測元件 ； 無線射頻模組 ； 內部溫濕度監測

並列摘要

Flooding at flow channels has an influential impact on the performance of PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell. As a result, local humidity and temperature measurement at flow channels is greatly important. However, the size of conventional humidity and temperature meter is too large to be embedded into a fuel cell. Due to the reason, the content of this research is to establish an integrated thin, flexible micro humidity and temperature sensor with a wireless module for achieving the feasibility and the convenience of measurement within fuel cells.
This study aims to develop a portable, non-intrusive and in-situ wireless sensing system for fuel cells. The system consists of three parts: a flexible capacitive humidity sensor, a resistive temperature sensor, and a RF module for signal transmission. The results shows that the capacitive humidity sensor has a high sensitivity of 0.83pF/%RH and the resistive temperature sensor also exhibits a high sensitivity of 2.94×〖10〗^(-3) ℃^(-1). The established RF module can transmit the signals from the two sensors to any location up to 4 m with the responding time less than 0.25sec. In the cell performance comparison, the performance measurements demonstrate that the maximum power density of the fuel cell without and with the sensors are 15.90 mW•cm^(-2) and 14.76 mW•cm^(-2), with only 7.17% power loss.

並列關鍵字

micro humidity sensor ； micro temperature sensor ； RF module ； measurement within fuel cells

參考文獻

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