美國國家安全會議之研究

NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL OF THE UNITED STATES

羅雅美(Ya-Mei Lo)

指導教授 ： 蕭全政

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/政治學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.00797

摘要

美國國家安全會議，誕生於二次大戰結束後的美蘇對抗，歷經漫長的冷戰而茁壯，因應全球化的趨勢而轉型，並在九一一恐怖事件的衝擊下重整；從1947到2006的近六十年中，這個被稱為「世界上權力最大的委員會」，見證了跨世紀的全球變局，也反映美國國家安全觀念，在此長期變局下的初始內涵、轉變、擴大和爭辯的深刻軌跡。
本論文的重點，在於從政治經濟學的角度，分析美國國安會如何因應戰後歷史結構的變遷，而促成其組織制度的成形、運作與發展。在分析架構上，本論文強調三個面向：首先，從全球戰略的角度，看美國國安會在戰後國際性歷史結構中的鑲嵌；其次，從國內政經體制的脈絡，看美國國安會的政經結構鑲嵌；第三，則從政策實踐的角度，看美國國安會的實際運作特色。自1947年成立之後，美國國安會，在以冷戰、全球化和九一一事件為分界點的四個歷史階段中，自有其不同的組織制度內涵和運作方式，而且分別表現出強調杜魯門主義、秘密外交、經濟安全和布希主義等實踐上的特色。另外，本論文也特別討論「國安會與國家安全」、「國安會與國務院」之關係，以呼應內外結構化的歷史分析途徑。

關鍵字

美國國家安全會議 ； 國家安全 ； 杜魯門主義 ； 秘密外交 ； 經濟安全 ； 布希主義

並列摘要

The U.S. National Security Council was established in the wake of US-USSR confrontation after the Second World War. It grew strong during the long years of the Cold War, and groped for transformation to respond to the trends of globalization. Moreover, it was regenerated after the impact of the 911 terror attack. During the six decades from 1947 through 2006, the so-called “the most powerful committee in the world” has also witnessed the trans-century global changes. That has also deeply reflected the original meaning, transformation, expansion, and debates of the US national security concepts.
This thesis aims to analyze, from the point of view of political economy, how the NSC dealt with post-war changes of the historical structure and how its organization was formed, operated, and developed.
As to the analytical framework, the author emphasizes three dimensions: to look at NSC’s position in the international historical structure after the Second World War from the perspective of the global strategy, to look at NSC’s political economic interaction from the context of domestic political and economic institutions, and to look at the traits of NSC’s operations from the perspective of policy implementation.
Since established in 1947, during the four historical phases demarcated by the Cold War, globalization, and the 911 terror attack, the US NSC has had different organization traits and different ways of operations. Respectively in the four phases, the NSC emphasized the implementations of the Truman Doctrine, secret diplomacy, economic security, and the Bush Doctrine. Moreover, to echo the historical analytical approach of internal and external structures, the author also deals with the relations between the NSC and national security, and those between the NSC and the Department of State.

並列關鍵字

the US National Security Council ； national secrity ； the Truman Doctrine ； secret diplomacy ； economic security ； the Bush Doctrine

參考文獻

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