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  • 學位論文

探索式多系統工程資訊展示

Exploratory Information Visualization for Multiple Systems in Construction

指導教授 : 康仕仲

摘要


現今的建築物,在機能上常包含了各式各樣的系統,除了基本的MEP(Mechanical, Electric, Plumbing 機電與給排水)、空調和通訊系統外,消防保全、光纖網路與智慧型建築(Intelligent Building)研究中各種感應器(Sensor)與控制器(Controller)系統,也逐漸成為建物的標準系統之一。但是當建築物裡的系統越多,會導致工程在設計、規劃與施工的複雜度增加,並且因為多系統工程中,系統之間具有高度的相依性,進而導致工程人員難以了解工程資訊間的關係並對系統進行協調。 因此本研究針對多系統工程中,系統協調困難,與資訊間複雜關聯性不易理解等問題進行探討並提出二個資訊展示(彈性資訊佈局和資訊展示矩陣)與四個資訊互動的方法(視覺化資訊探索、跨資訊強調、時間控制器和資訊提取),並實作了一名為Construction Dashboard(以下簡稱CD)的互動式多系統工程資訊展示工具,以幫助工程人員能以視覺化的方式直接操作(Direct Manipulation)工程資訊,並即時得到視覺回饋(Visual Feedback)的方式,來對工程資訊進行探索,進而了解工程資訊間的相依性,並發現與解決工程上的問題。 本研究以包含許多機電管線的電腦機房為案例,設計一系列使用者測試題目,讓30個年齡介於23到34歲,具有土木相關科系學士學位的受測者,分別使用CD與紙本資訊來回答,以驗證本研究提出的多系統工程資訊展示與互動方法能比紙本資訊更有效的幫助工程人員探索與了解工程資訊,並回答與解決工程上的問題。 測試結果顯示,在找出多個指定施工項目是否完工的問題上,受測者使用CD比紙本資訊節省了53%的時間,並增加了4%的正確率;在找出多個指定施工項目全部完工日期的問題上,CD比紙本資訊節省了44%的時間,並增加了3%的正確率;而在計算多個指定施工項目全部完工日期時,專案完成百分比的問題上,CD比紙本節省了52%的時間,並增加了39%的正確率,因此本研究認為多系統工程資訊展示與互動方法,確實能幫助工程人員更有效率的了解多系統工程資訊之間的關係與其所蘊藏的意義,並回答和解決工程上相關的問題。本研究成果將可成為未來研究發展工程資訊展示方法與工具之參考。

並列摘要


Modern buildings usually include multiple systems such as air-conditioning (AC), water supply and gas pipes, sanitary lines, telecommunication systems and security networks. Because these systems are highly inter-dependent, conventional methods for presenting information, typically a 3D model and a schedule, are insufficient to effectively manage and coordinate various experts working on a project. This research proposes a framework that enables engineers to explore and interact with the information visually. It includes four information views (temporal, hierarchical, relational and spatial), four interaction functions (information exploration, cross-highlighting, time controller, and information extraction) and two display layouts (matrix hardware layout and flexible software layout). A prototype system called Construction Dashboard was implemented following this framework. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework we conducted a user test (N=30) using an example project involving four systems (power, AC, water and computer). Each user answered nine questions related to different management and coordination problems by employing both Construction Dashboard and the conventional method (3D model with a schedule). The results showed that the completion times, for each of the nine questions, to solve these questions are significantly faster when using Construction Dashboard. The success rates to obtain the correct answers are also significantly better in three of the nine questions.

參考文獻


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