共乘計程車轉乘大眾捷運對運具選擇行為影響之研究

Influence of Taxipooling for Metro Feeder Service on Mode Choice Behaviors

黃俊誠(Chun-Cheng Huang)

指導教授 ： 張學孔

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.01905

摘要

計程車在經濟活動頻繁的都會區中，扮演不可或缺的重要角色。由於計程車相較於其他公共運輸系統，具有便利、迅速、私密、舒適、高度彈性等優點，故計程車在都市中具有其不可取代的地位。然而，由於計程車也是所有運具中，同時具有高機動性與高可及性之小眾運輸或副大眾運輸(Para-transit)，故乘客所要付出的成本也相對較高，若能形成共乘(Pooling)機制，則會在降低乘客平均負擔能力情況下提供民眾另一選擇，而現有之運能亦可合理增加，同步使得乘客服務水準與業者營運效率獲得提升。因此，本研究希望透過運具選擇模式分析，探討旅客對於捷運現有接駁運具選擇行為之主要影響因素。此外，本研究亦嘗試加入共乘計程車接駁服務之選項，評估分析原本使用私人運具乘客轉而選擇搭乘計程車之重要因素。在轉乘工具方面，本研究以步行、自行車、機車、汽車、公車、計程車等作為接駁之替代運具方案。研究中透過問卷資料分析設計出各接駁運具轉乘各主運具之合理情境，透過運具選擇模式之建立，校估影響乘客選擇運具的重要因素，並且對各重要變數做彈性分析。研究結果顯示，搭乘旅次目的、性別、職業、家中持有汽機車數量皆為影響旅客對現有接駁運具選擇之重要因素。彈性分析結果發現，在短程接駁情況下，以共乘計程車方案之直接彈性較大，則以原有運具整體之直接彈性較大，可知在較短之接駁距離下，若能適時降低成本必能有效提高共乘計程車之市場占有率。

關鍵字

運具選擇 ； 共乘計程車多項羅吉特 ； 巢式羅吉特

並列摘要

Taxi plays an important role in the metropolitan area with frequently economic activities. It has features of convenient, speediness, privacy, comfortable and flexibility service. Therefore, taxi has the state of indispensible in the metropolitan area. However, passengers need to pay a highly price relatively because that taxi is part of Para-transit that have both advantages of accessibility and mobility among all modes.
If the mechanism of pooling can be formed, it will provide user with an alternative plan based on reduce the average passenger affordability. In addition, transportation capacity now available can also increase, and makes the level of service and operational efficiency of the industry to be promoted in synchronization.
Therefore, the study hopes to probe into the main factors that influenced MRT passengers’ mode choice behavior for existing transfer mode through the mode choice model analysis. In addition, the study also tries to fit into the alternative plan of the service of taxi-pooling, analyzing the mainly factors that from the passengers traveled by private modes to travel by taxi. There are modes with taxi, bus, private modes, walk, and pick up by relatives and friends in our choice sets of alternatives. The study also designed all kind of situation that access mode transfer to main line mode, and also estimated the most important factors that passenger’s mode choice by way of the establishment of mode choice model, then makes the analysis of elasticity for all kinds of the important variables. Finally, the study also observed the variation of the possibility of mode choice affect by all kinds of variables. The results reveal that the factors include trip purpose, sex, occupation, car ownership and motor ownership are all important factor for mode choice. Based on the elasticity estimates demonstrate that the mode choice project of carpooling are more insensitive Direct Elasticity based on short access distance, and the original mode are more insensitive Direct Elasticity based on long access distance. It meants that reducing cost timely can increase the occupation ratio of carpooling effectively.

並列關鍵字

mode choice ； Multinomial Logit model ； Nested Logit model ； taxipooling

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