跨國礦業開發與管理之經營管理策略
— 以老撾（寮國）礦業A公司為例

海外礦業項目建設週期通常比較長，面臨風險較多，經營性風險與政策性風險並存，因此管理時所面臨的內、外部情況均比較複雜。論文認為海外礦業管理除了開採專業上流程化的全面風險管理過程外，進而發現在跨國組織經營對礦業開發與管理衝擊，本論文主要以跨國企業經營老撾礦業為背景進行說明，所進行經營管理策略之分析。本研究之目的為： 1. 分析老撾環境及文化特殊性 2. 利用老撾環境及文化特殊性發展礦業開發與管理因應經營管理策略以跨國組織文化及策略基本理論，作為論文分析四大要素。 1. Geert Hofstede 文化距離六大面 2. Klukhohm and Strodtbeck價值雙向模型 3. 五力模型 4. 策略礸石模型本研究歸納結論如下： 1. 老撾礦業項目具有週期長、投資大、風險多、退出難以及綜合收益逐年遞減等特徵。 2. 海外礦業專案管理要強化公司組織文化,加強風險管理。 3. 屬地化與國際化跨國經營管理策略可以有效規避或控制管理風險。 4. 應高度重視跨國環境及文化差異性管理問題，在社會環境與資源無法改變的前提下，克服文化背景不同與管理模式思維差異，是老撾礦業開發與管理成功的重點所在，老撾礦業專案開發成功的關鍵因素在於恰當的跨國思維文化和相應的管理策略。

關鍵字

海外礦業專案；經營管理策略；策略模型

並列摘要

The developing cycle of overseas mining projects is usually required for a very long processing. During the overseas mining development processes, there could have many uncertain risks, including across county organization and cultures impacts, operations and policies constraints from the internal and external conditions and environments. These risk factors cause the complexity of international mining business and operation management. The thesis descripted not only the comprehensive risks of professional mining probe processes but also the impacts of across country organization and culture which affect the target operations strategy of mining business development and management. Therefore, first, the thesis is mainly explored by the background of overseas across country enterprises business development and operation management in Laos mining industry. Secondly, it also states the analysis of mining business and operation management strategy in Laos. The purposes of this dissertation are as below: 1. Analysis of the environmental and cultural specificities of Laos 2. Development and design mining business development and management strategy in Laos from special components of environments and cultural specificities. The four analysis elements from the paper are based on the basic theories of across country organization cultures and management strategies are on the following: 1. Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions theory 2. Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's Values Orientation Theory 3. Porter's Five Forces Analysis Model 4. Porter's Diamond Model The conclusions of this thesis are including: 1. The mining business industry in Laos has the traits of long development cycle, heavy capital investment, high uncertain risks, difficult to terminate development processes and decreasing profits returns by year. 2. Overseas mining projects management should strengthen the corporate organization culture and strengthen risks management. 3. Across country business development and operation management strategies for localization and internationalization can avoid or control management risks effectively. 4. Under the premise the constraints of social environment and resources, we have highly to pay more attentions on the management issues of across county organization and cultural diversification and overcome the differences of cultural backgrounds and minds set in organizations. This is the key successful factor for mining business development and operation management in Laos. Adopt appropriate inclusive culture thinking and strategic management solutions in across county is the core factor to achieve successful mining business in Laos.