膠原蛋白的農業應用與新產銷模式：以雲林縣麥寮鄉臺灣生菜村為例

臺灣由於可耕地面積狹小，加上政府以往的農業政策，以三七五減租、耕者有其田等方式，讓臺灣農地呈現小型農戶自耕的型態。而我國於2002年加入世界貿易組織(WTO)後，對於農業的衝擊更加劇烈，農業部門因此轉型，其中，政府亦以輔導產銷班形式基於知識經濟的力量，再創農業價值。本研究以2002年政府計畫中一案，輔導農戶組織產銷班創造外銷奇蹟的雲林縣臺灣生菜村──結球萵苣(又名美生菜)為例，此計畫將結球萵苣的生產取代十字花科蔬菜的生產面積，打破臺灣冬季蔬菜生產過剩現象，依該個案之外部環境關鍵戰略要素剖析，分析其競爭市場，以及何以集結小農，提升產量，並配合農業代工之專業，增加其產品之品質，藉此剖析過程建立其成功產銷經營模式。而該個案透過膠原蛋白引進為純有機肥的模式下，以現行的產銷模式，以契作、健康，以及安全為三大主軸，拓展出計畫式生產、掌握種苗、農業及肥料來源，與掌握小型農戶耕作模式的生產履歷系統，以共同選別、包裝和運銷，供應內外銷市場，創造我國蔬菜外銷奇蹟。　　本研究期探討以膠原蛋白引進農業並整合產銷模式，自肥料供應商、農業代工，至個體農戶，其產銷模式的轉變，透過異業結盟整合產銷鏈，改變以往個體農戶經營之劣勢，分成三階段改變：從第一階段，農戶必須自行至農藥行噴灑，晉升為第二階段以合作社契作，有管理系統的方式，但農戶仍需自行施肥，大多為化肥既傷土壤，效果也不足夠，至第三階段以胜肽奈米級膠原蛋白，即以純有機肥「無公害」種植模式栽種，相較化肥毒性短，更可符合市場需求。不同階段牽涉知識經濟，以及逐漸掌握策略聯盟方式，提昇產能與品質。　　針對現有臺灣農業結合知識經濟之經營模式，如同本個案中所提及，現有狀況應保持或改善為下歸納為幾點：一、臺灣農業採取的產銷模式，仍存在以往的模式；二、創造農業知識經濟，卻非國內一般小農所長；三、建立外銷生產專區，提升產品安全品質；四、保持現有市場，並持續開拓國外市場；五、釐清各階段之優劣，促使企業獲利模式改良。

關鍵字

有機肥料；農業產銷模式；結球萵苣；胜肽級膠原蛋白；農業代工

並列摘要

Due to the small size of Taiwan's arable land, coupled with the previous government's agricultural policy to rent reduction, land to the tiller, etc., so that Taiwan presents small-scale farmers from agricultural farming pattern. After joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2002, the more severe the impact of agriculture, the agricultural sector and therefore the transformation, in which Government also remedial classes in the form of marketing power of knowledge-based economy, a new agricultural value. 　　This paper discusses the first phase of farming from Taiwan's business model, farmers need to own pesticide spraying line; into deed for the second phase of the cooperative, managed systematic way, but farmers still have to fertilize the soil mostly hurt both fertilizer, the effect is not enough; to the third stage of pure organic fertilizer "pollution" planting, fertilizer toxicity compared to short. Involved in the different stages of the knowledge economy, and gradually mastered strategic alliances, improve productivity and quality. 　　In this paper, 91 years in the case of government programs, counseling farmers' organizations for export production and marketing teams to create the miracle of Yunlin County, Taiwan Village ── lettuce (aka lettuce), for example, this project will replace the production of lettuce crosswise Section vegetable production area, and broke the Taiwanese winter vegetable overproduction phenomenon. Produced in Taiwan Lettuce domestic market due to food, health food and other fashion, lettuce increased consumption; in the export market segment, and the United States, Australia, domestic production of staggered, coupled with geopolitical relations of Japan with great export to Japan market competition force, is worthy of the development of the vegetable industry. 　　This paper discusses the introduction of pure collagen under organic fertilizer model to the existing sales model, through deeds as, health, and safety of the three spindles, to expand the program type production, master seed, fertilizer and agricultural sources and traceability way system, in which traceability system since mastered the small farmers farming patterns, learn how to successfully use way to produce a strategic alliance lettuce, common sorting, packaging and distribution, the supply export markets.