論我國檢察官與司法警察之關係 —以行政與司法在偵查中的交錯領域為中心

The relationship between prosecutor and police in our country

邱智宏(Chih-hung Chiu)

指導教授 ： 林明鏘

國立臺灣大學/法律學院/法律學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00993

摘要

論文摘要
我們知道警察負有危害防止及犯行追緝之任務，前者屬於行政行為，後者屬於司法行為，二者有其交錯領域，例如臨檢查獲犯罪事證，即產生危害防止的行政行為與犯行追緝的司法行為交錯適用的現象。因此行政警察之行政作為在不同時地，不同法律依據下，常有轉換成司法行為之情形。對於司法警察以臨檢之作為從事危害防止任務，而其效果可能同時達成犯行追緝任務之情形，檢察官是否應介入？再進一層的問題是檢察官對於司法警察從事犯行追緝任務應否介入？如果是，應該介入到什麼程度？更根本的問題是我國國家從事犯行追緝的主體是一個或二個？司法警察是不是主體之一？這些問題都顯示檢察官與司法警察之關係深具研究之價值。
本文計約十四萬字，共分六章加以論述：第一章緒論，先說明研究動機、範圍、架構、方法及參考文獻回顧；第二章檢警在法制與現實層面之關係，則從檢察官與司法警察在法制與現實層面之關係著手，深入探討二者的性質與任務，及其等在法制與現實層面的關係是否出現落差，如有落差其真正原因為何，而得出原因後，即介紹我國學者對於檢警關係的看法；第三章檢警關係之外國立法例，則介紹外國立法例中德國、美國、日本等法制先進國家，其檢察官與司法警察之關係為何，並進行與我國法的比較研究，企圖歸納整理各國檢警關係的原理原則及學說見解；第四章以基本權保障為基礎之檢警關係，即根據第三章所歸納整理各國檢警關係的原理原則，建構我國以基本權保障為基礎的檢警關係，並提出檢察官與司法警察角色定位的基礎理論及具體標準；第五章我國檢察官與司法警察之新關係，則以第四章所建構之基礎理論及具體標準嘗試解決目前國內爭議中的檢警關係課題；最後在第六章則總結本文的觀點並提出具體建議。

關鍵字

行政 ； 檢警關係 ； 司法警察 ； 檢察官 ； 微罪處理權 ； 司法

並列摘要

Abstract
Te police have the duty to prevent jeopardizing public security and to detect the crime, former belongs to the administrative action, latter belongs to the judicial behavior. The two always interlock, for example stopping and inspecting ferret out the crime evidence, namely it is the administrative action which prevent jeopardizing public security coinciding with the judicial behavior which is to detect the crime. When the police is engaged in the duty which prevents jeopardizing public security, but meanwhile its effect possibly simultaneously achieves the duty which detects the crime, whether should the public prosecutor involve? The other relative question is should the public prosecutor get involved in the crime-detecting of the police? If is, what degree should the prosecutor get involved in? A more basic question is the police is one of legally organization which can work on crime-detecting independently? These questions all demonstrated the value of the research for the relation between the public prosecutor and the police.
This article counts approximately 140 thousand characters, altogether dividing six chapters to make a description: The first chapter showed the research motive, the scope, the construction, the method and the reference review; Second chapter examined the relation between the public prosecutor and the judicial police in the legal system and the realistic area, thoroughly discussed the two the nature and the duty. After this, I introduced the view of the scholars regarding this subject; Third chapter then introduced the foreign advanced countries including Germany, US, Japan, about the relation between the public prosecutor and the police in these countries, and carried on the comparison research with our law. I attempted to reorganize the principle and theory of police-prosecutor relationship in this chapter; Fourth chapter I proposes the basic theory and the concrete standard between the public prosecutor and the police role for our country according to the third chapter ; Fifth chapter I present the new relations between the public prosecutors and police in our country, then solve the disputation about this subject in the domestic by the basic theory and the concrete standard constructed in fourth chapter ; Finally in the sixth chapter I summarize this article viewpoint and put forward the concrete proposal.

並列關鍵字

prosecutor ； police ； administrative action ； judicial behavior ； police-prosecutor relationship

參考文獻

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