生活污水以地下滲濾處理之效益評估－以鶯歌岳崙營區為例

國內河川污染嚴重，都市生活污水佔河川污染量高達50％以上，而公共污水下水道普及率又不足，若能以現地土壤處理技術，利用土壤中的微生物分解污染物、土壤礦物吸附污染物等去污機制，達到污水改善的功能，將可使生活污水的處理效益大大提升。地下滲濾系統為行政院環境保護署目前大力推動之河川水質淨化工法之一，為一種耐腐蝕、高效率、低能源需求及操作維護費用低廉之處理系統。本研究藉由鶯歌岳崙營區地下滲濾系統對污水中之生化需氧量、懸浮固體、氨氮及總磷之污染物削減效率，評估此系統之處理效益，進而探討地下滲濾系統於台灣地區生活污水處理之適用性。研究結果顯示，本系統對生化需氧量、氨氮及總磷有良好之削減效率，而懸浮固體之削減效果則不佳；整體削減效率雖不盡理想，但放流水大都可符合法規管制標準，顯示其對生活污水仍具有一定之削減能力。此外入流濃度與削減率及污染負荷量與削減量均呈現良好之相關性，顯示在系統之涵容能力下，濃度及污染負荷越高削減率越佳。而地下滲濾處理系統於人口密度高及土地使用面積密集之台灣都會區並不適用，但仍可作為郊區、鄉村等偏遠及污水下水道未及地區，設置生活污水處理設施之替代方案；另外由於本系統位於地下，在土地使用面積較大及可輕度開發之條件下，可規劃於如遊樂區、農牧場及學校等業別設置，不致影響原有主體功能。

關鍵字

生活污水；地下滲濾；效益評估

並列摘要

The results in this study show that this system exhibits satisfactory reduction efficiency in BOD, NH3-N and T-P. However, its performance for SS is relatively poor. Although the overall reduction rate is not that outstanding, the effluent after the treatment with this system can meet most criteria of the Effluent Regulation Limits set by EPA Taiwan. It reveals that this system do have potential in depleting pollutants from the household sewage. The input concentration of effluent is closely related with the reduction rate. Also, there is an interdependent relationship between the pollution loading and the reduction amount. It implies that, within assimilative capacity of the system, a higher pollution loading will generally results in a better reduction rate. While this system may not be suitable for the metropolitan areas in Taiwan for their high density of population and land utilization, but it does work well in the remote areas such as the suburb, village and so on, where there are no sewage sewer system available. It may act as a substituting treatment facility for the household sewage. Also, as this system is installed in the underground, for the cases that larger land is available and light development is permitted, it is possible to cultivate the lands for amusement parks, agricultural pastures, schools and so on while leave the function of the major objects undisturbed.

並列關鍵字

Household Sewage ； Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration Systems ； Benefit Assessment

參考文獻

3. 行政院環境保護署，河川保護從家庭做起-污水源頭減量手冊，民國94年。

15. 胡惠宇，地下滲濾式生活污水現地處理糸統之研究，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學，民國94年。

23. 鄭伊玲，不同介質對地下滲濾系統之氮、磷污染去除效能比較，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學，民國94年。

1. A.A. van de Graaf, P. Bruijn, L.A. Robertson, M.S.M. Jetten, and J.G. Kuenen, J. G, “Autotrophic Growth of Anaerobic, Ammonium-oxidising Microorganism in a Fluidized Bed Reactor,” Microbiology, UK, no. 142, 1996.

2. A. Mulder, A.A. van de Graaf, L.A. Robertson, and J.G. Kuenen, “Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Discovered in Denitrifying Fluidized Bed Reactor,” FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., no. 16, pp.177-184, 1995.

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生活污水以地下滲濾處理之效益評估－以鶯歌岳崙營區為例

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