臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L菌株誘導玉米系統性抗葉枯病之應用研究

Application of Bacillus cereus C1L for inducing systemic resistance to southern corn leaf blight

楊耿豪(Ken-Haow Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳昭瑩

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/植物病理與微生物學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.01271

摘要

臘狀芽孢桿菌(Bacillus cereus) C1L菌株篩選自台灣百合根圈，對百合灰黴病有防治的效果；本研究進行溫室和田間玉米葉枯病之防治試驗，以B. cereus C1L菌液澆灌玉米根圈，可有效地降低葉枯病發生的嚴重度，並有促進植株生長的作用，可以提高玉米葉片葉綠素含量、葉長、葉寬及植株鮮重、乾重。以B. cereus C1L細菌懸浮液處理玉米可減少葉枯病菌感染時所造成的過氧化氫暴升。利用反轉錄聚合酵素連鎖反應分析玉米葉片基因之表現，超氧化物歧化酵素基因(SOD4)與抗壞血酸過氧化酵素基因(cAPX)在處理B. cereus C1L 24小時之玉米葉片會有少許之增量表現；接種葉枯病菌時，SOD4及cAPX之表現量稍低於單獨接種葉枯病菌之基因表現量，推測B. cereus C1L可增加玉米植株對葉枯病菌感染的耐受性，強化了植株的基礎抗性，其原理與植物生理的調節有關。另一方面，為瞭解B. cereus C1L菌株強化植物基礎抗性的參與因子，自跳躍子Tn917ac1誘變之B. cereus C1L突變株中，篩選得到失去誘導系統性抗病能力之突變株C1LM-163與C1LM-179，其Tn917ac1均插入一新發現之質體pC1L8上。

關鍵字

植物促生根圈細菌 ； 臘狀芽孢桿菌 ； 玉米 ； 玉米葉枯病菌 ； 生物防治 ； 系統性誘導抗病

並列摘要

Biocontrol strain C1L of Bacillus cereus screened from the rhizosphere of Lilium formosanum could prevent the severe incidence of lily leaf blight. In this study, the green house and field biocontrol trials were performed by application of strain C1L to the rhizosphere of cron plants. The result showed that B. cereus C1L could reduce severe incidence of cron leaf blight; In addition, strain C1L could promote plant growth as shown by the increase of chlorophyll content, leaf width and length, and plant fresh and dry weight. Treatment of bacterial suspension of B. cereus C1L could reduce the level of hydrogen peroxide in the corn leaves. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that expression of superoxide dismutase gene (SOD4) and cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase gene (cAPX) increased slightly in the leaves of B. cereus C1L-treated cron plants as compared to that of the control. The expression of SOD4 and cAPX increased significantly after Cochliobolus heterostrophus attack; however, that exhibited lesser extent in the leaves from B. cereus C1L-treated cron plants. Thus, that B. cereus C1L increase the tolerance of cron plants to C. heterostrophus infection by strengthening the basal resistance is proposed, which may be related to the regulation of plant physiology. On the other hand, screening of Tn917ac1-directed mutants of B. cereus C1L for the reduction of ISR in maize againt C. heterostrophus achieved two ISR mutants, C1LM-163 and C1LM-179, in that of Tn917ac1 was located in a plasmid pC1L8 of B. cereus C1L.

並列關鍵字

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria ； Bacillus cereus ； maize ； Cochliobolus heterostrophus ； biocontrol ； induced systemic resistance

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