臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L菌株揮發氣體促進植物生長之探討

Enhancement of Plant Growth by Volatile Compounds Produced by Bacillus cereus C1L

楊琇萍(Hsiu-Ping Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳昭瑩

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/植物病理與微生物學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.02826

摘要

本實驗室由花蓮布洛灣臺灣百合根圈環境中，篩選到一株臘狀芽孢桿菌Bacillus cereus C1L菌株，具有生物防治的功能，有助於臺灣百合、葵百合、阿卡波克百合對抗灰黴病和玉米對抗葉枯病。另一方面，C1L菌株也具有促進植物生長的能力，除了可增進玉米株高、鮮重、乾重、葉長及葉寬，並可增加阿拉伯芥株高、鮮重、葉面積和果莢數目。為進一步探討C1L菌株促進植物生長的因子，經由I型培養皿與植物組織培養的方法，試驗細菌氣體是否能影響植物的生長發育，結果顯示C1L菌株的揮發物質不僅可使阿拉伯芥的鮮重顯著增加，亦能增加菸草植株的乾重、葉面積和根部的生長。以I型培養皿一側培養真菌時，C1L菌株揮發物質能抑制十字花科黑斑病菌（Alternaria brassicicola）、灰黴病菌（Botrytis cinerea）及百合灰黴病菌（Botrytis elliptica）菌落的生長。為進一步探討C1L菌株具有促進植物生長作用之揮發性氣體種類，利用氣相層析質譜儀分析C1L菌株所產生的揮發氣體，共分離出五種成分，與標準品比對，鑑定出最主要的成份為有機化合物二甲基二硫醚（dimethyl disulfide, DMDS），其餘4種為未知成分。以二甲基二硫醚與菸草共培養，可顯著增加菸草之乾重、葉面積和根長；但以二甲基二硫醚與阿拉伯芥共培養，並不能增加阿拉伯芥之乾重。此外，二甲基二硫醚對上述3株植物病原真菌菌株之生長也沒有抑制作用。本研究之貢獻在於收集統整C1L菌株細菌懸浮液促進阿拉伯芥生長之各參數數據，並且首次觀察到C1L菌株揮發氣體具有促進阿拉伯芥、菸草生長之效果，且可抑制植物病原真菌生長，本研究亦為首次分析C1L菌株揮發氣體成分，並鑑定其中主要成分為二甲基二硫醚，此化合物雖然對阿拉伯芥及植物病原真菌之生長並無影響，但可顯著促進菸草之生長，可能為C1L揮發氣體促進植物生長之有效成份之一

關鍵字

臘狀芽孢桿菌 ； 阿拉伯芥 ； 菸草 ； 氣相層析質譜儀 ； 揮發氣體 ； 二甲基二硫醚

並列摘要

The biocontrol strain, Bacillus cereus C1L, was isolated from the rhizosphere of Lilium formosanum in Hualien, Taiwan. Application of B. cereus C1L effectively decreased disease level of lily leaf blight and corn leaf blight in the fields. The plant growth-promoting functions of strain C1L, to increase plant height, leaf width and length, and plant fresh and dry weight, were demonstrated on Arabidopsis thaliana in greenhouse assay. Plant tissue culture methods with I-plates revealed that volatile compounds of B. cereus C1L could increase fresh weight of A. thaliana, and the dry weight, leaf area, and root length of Nicotiana tobacum. In addition, volatile compounds released from strain C1L showed inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicicola, Botrytis cinerea, and Botrytis elliptica. The volatile compounds produced by strain C1L showed five peaks in components analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One of them was identified as dimethyl disulfide (DMDS). Application of DMDS could increase dry weight, leaf area, and root length of N. tobacum; however, there was no growth-enhancing effect on A. thaliana and no inhibitory effect on the growth of three tested fungi as exposed to DMDS. The contributions of this study are data collection for plant growth promotion by strain C1L and the finding of the volatile compound effective on plant growth promotion.

並列關鍵字

Bacillus cereus ； Arabidopsis thaliana ； Nicotiana tobacum ； gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ； volatile compounds ； dimethyl disulfide ； DMDS

參考文獻

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