氣候變遷下校園節電推動困境之探討—以國立臺灣大學校總區為例

The Dilemma of Campus Energy Conservation under Climate Change — A Case Study on NTU Main Campus

何威融(Wei-Jung Ho)

指導教授 ： 張文貞

共同指導教授 ： 黃國倉(Kuo-Tsang Huang)

國立臺灣大學/理學院/氣候變遷與永續發展國際學位學程/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202004100

摘要

本研究在氣候變遷的大議題下，以空間尺度觀點出發，從全球視野逐步聚焦到臺灣的校園空間，點出大專校園對於氣候行動的重要性。接著論述校園空間的學級差異，說明為何大專院校需要特別區分獨立探討。然後藉由建築空間、電機工程、機械空調等專業領域的前人研究視角，說明不同專業視角在校園節電的議題中，各專業的核心思維有哪些限制、盲點和衍生問題。
首先，在節電政策的歷史沿革章節中，本文回顧了歷年公部門所施行的相關政策，包含了經濟部的四省專案、教育部的永續校園相關計畫，並從政府所採取的措施和推動節能的手法，推敲綜整出目前的治理侷限。接著在節電的建築物理基礎章節中，本文說明了相關建築能耗的基本概念，包含建築生命週期、比較國際間綠建築評估概念及系統，然後透過熱舒適度及相關評價系統的演進，闡釋永續設計思維的典範轉移。
再者，在說明校園節電的治理架構（三大系統）和議題特性之後，本研究詳細探討了總圖及社社館案例及其反映的問題。最後，筆者嘗試提出校園節電治理的策略方向，以「由上而下」及「由下而上」的取徑搭配前述的二個案例，分別以制度、科技及利害關係人的維度討論在不同的專業視角、層次、系統之中，校園節電政策該如何協調，或說是不同價值選擇下某種程度的妥協，並希望能能以臺大為案例樹立典範，將經驗推廣至其他學校，達到氣候變遷減緩之行動實踐。

關鍵字

校園節電 ； 四省專案 ； 永續校園 ； 需量控制 ； 儲冰系統 ； 公民參與

並列摘要

Campus energy saving is one of the crucial topics in Taiwan's energy transition under climate change. However, it is harder for universities to reduce energy consumption, because, unlike the other educational institutes, they have complex building types, a variety of users' behaviors, and different electricity infrastructures. This study aims to disclose the dilemma of campus energy conservation and reflect the embedded obstacles through literature review and case study.
First of all, this study discusses how different specialties deal with the energy-saving issues on campus, including its insights, limitation, blindspots, approaches, and derived problems, using perspectives from architecture, electricity engineering, and mechanical engineering.
Secondly, after reviewing the policies implemented by the government over the years, including the four saving projects and the plans of sustainability campus, the study synthesizes the measures taken to save energy and their limitation. Moreover, this study also reviews the international green building rating systems, concepts of sustainable design, and building physics to explain how the indoor comfort quality paradigm shifts between human and nature in green architecture.
Finally, this study proposes "top-down" and "bottom-up" strategies with the findings of two cases, NTU General Library and Department of Sociology and Social Work, discussing the aspects within regulations, technology, and stakeholders.
In conclusion, there is no easy solution for climate change nor campus energy consumption. To achieve climate mitigation and adaptation, not only the cross-disciplinary perspectives are needed, but also radical collaboration among all energy consumers is required.

並列關鍵字

Campus energy saving ； Four-saving projects ； Sustainable campus ； Power demand control ； Ice storage system ； Citizen participation

參考文獻

邱英浩（2009）。都市水域空間對周圍熱環境舒適度影響之研究。都市與計劃，36（2），173-199。

外文參考文獻

ASHRAE (1992). Standard 55 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human occupancy. American Society of heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta.

ASHRAE (2001). American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers. ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals (Chapter 8: Thermal Comfort).

ASHRAE (2004). ASHRAE Standard 55:Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. Atlanta: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc.