安尼線蟲科圓蟲與白帶魚之寄生關係

Parasitism of the Anisakine Nematodes and the Cutlass Fish ,Trichiurus lepturus

查詩婷(Shih-Ting Cha)

指導教授 ： 施秀惠

國立臺灣大學/生命科學院/動物學研究研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01088

摘要

本實驗的目的旨於探討：安尼線蟲科圓蟲與分布臺灣周邊海域之經濟性魚種－白帶魚（Trichiurus lepturus）之寄生關係。自2003年8月至2004年5月，分別由宜蘭縣頭城漁港與屏東縣東港漁港取得西北太平洋海域（北緯24-25°,東經122-123°）與南臺灣海峽（北緯22-23°,東經120-121°）分布的白帶魚樣本。其安尼線蟲科圓蟲相主要包括下列四種:海獸胃線蟲(Anisakis simplex)、前盲囊線蟲(Porrocaecum decipiens)、有鈎宮脂線蟲(Hysterothylacium aduncum ) 以及帶魚針蛔蟲(Raphidascaris trichiuri)。本研究採集之370尾白帶魚中，受安尼線蟲科圓蟲感染的魚隻數目為321尾，其盛行率（prevalence）為86.7%、平均密度(mean intensity)為34條、豐富度(abundance)為26條。A.simplex的三種感染參數顯著高於其它三種蟲種的感染參數（p=0.042）。以Mann-Whitney’s U test 進行二個採樣地點感染參數之獨立性檢定。結果顯示，宜蘭地區分布之白帶魚，其安尼線蟲科圓蟲之三種感染參數皆顯著高於東港地區(p<0.001)。利用簡單迴歸模式分析安尼線蟲科圓蟲與白帶魚孕卵數的關係，結果顯示安尼線蟲科圓蟲的感染與否對白帶魚生育力並無影響。以PCR-RFLP對臺灣周邊海域分布之A. simplex sibling species 進行分類後，同時發現A. pegreffii，以及A. pegreffii 與A. simplex s.s.的重組基因型二者並存，故臺灣周邊水域為A. pegreffi與A. simplex s.的混合區。

關鍵字

寄生關係 ； 海獸胃線蟲 ； 白帶魚 ； 安尼線蟲科圓蟲

並列摘要

The aim of this study were to investigate the parasitism of Anisakine nematode and Trichiurus lepturus. A total of 370 Trichiurus lepturus were obtained from commercial local fisheries in the coastal waters of E-Land (24-25°W,122-123°E)(N=185) and Tong-Kong (22-23°W,120-121°E)(N=185) between August 2003 and May 2004. Results of survey revealed 321 T. lepturus were infected. Larval anisakids representing four species of the gastrointestinal tract and abdominal cavity of T. lepturus were found:Anisakis simplex,Porrocaecum decipiens,Hysterothylacium aduncum and Raphidascaris trichiuri.The prevalence increased with the increased in the length of the fish, irrespective of the locality. In the T. lepturus most A. simplex and P. decipiens larvae were found in the posterior part of the body cavity, encapsulated on the mesenteries and coiled in flat spirals in clusters against the posterior extension of the stomach, indicating that T. lepturus could act as the transport or paratenic host for these nematodes. H. aduncum and R. trichiuri were present in the stomch and intestine, indicating that T. lepturus could act as the definitive host. There are significant differences in the prevalence of nematode for the length groups and months. The Mann-Whitney’s U test show significant differences in prevalence , mean intensity and abundance between the two zones.The relationship between fecundity and length for infected and uninfected fish was calculated as,㏒fecundity=0.035×㏒length–3.4772 and㏒fecundity=0.03×㏒length –2.9756, respectively. No significant difference between infected and uninfected fish was seen in either the fecundity-length data .Using the gene marker, the PCR-based RFLP approach for working out the method allowing four nematodes identification and differentiation. Digestion with Hinf I and Hhae I endonuclease allowed the identification of two different genotypes, belonging to A. pereffii and a recombinant genotypes of A. sximplex s.s. and A. pegreffii, describe the Taiwaneses coast as a hybrid zone for the two sibling species.

並列關鍵字

Nematodes ； Anisakis simplex ； Parasitism ； Cutlass Fish

參考文獻

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