母親教養態度對苯酮尿症病孩氣質及飲食控制成效之探討

The Effect of Maternal Rearing Practice on Temperament and Dietary Control in Children with Phenylketonuria

蕭雅慧(Ya-Huei Shiau)

指導教授 ： 黃璉華

共同指導教授 ： 胡務亮(Wuh-Liang Hwu)

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/分子醫學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.01477

摘要

本研究為探討母親教養態度，對苯酮尿症病孩氣質及飲食控制成效的影響。研究採立意取樣，於北部某醫學中心基因醫學部門診收案，共有42位苯酮尿症病孩母親參與研究。研究工具為結構式問卷，內容包括研究對象基本屬性、飲食控制相關情況、母親教養態度量表、病孩氣質量表。

研究結果顯示：
一、母親教養態度會因病孩疾病分型、病孩年齡層、母親社經地位的不同而有差異。病孩氣質則會因病孩疾病分型、病孩年齡層、病孩出生序及母親社經地位的不同而有差異。

二、病孩趨近性的氣質向度愈高，母親愈傾向放任的教養態度。活動量大、規律性高、趨近性佳及容易轉移注意力者，則與母親愛護的教養態度有關。而活動量大、趨近性佳及堅持度高的病孩，母親教養態度愈傾向民主。

三、病孩智力發展與病孩生長情形滿意度、低蛋白點心的準備情形、母親教養態度，及病孩活動量、情緒本質及堅持度之氣質向度有關。而病孩生長情形、疾病分型、活動量及堅持度等，是預測病孩智力發展的重要變項，亦即病孩生長情形越好、飲食型，及活動量越大、堅持度越高的病孩，智力發展越佳。

四、飲食型病孩苯丙胺酸數值的高低，與母親是否為主要照顧者、生長情形、飲食控制行為、飲食紀錄情形、初次診斷苯丙胺酸數值，及病孩年齡、反應強度及反應閾之氣質向度有關。而初次診斷的苯丙胺酸數值及母親是否為主要照顧者，為預測飲食型病孩苯丙胺酸數值的重要因素，亦即初次診斷的苯丙胺酸數值越低、母親是主要照顧者的病孩，苯丙胺酸數值也越低。

關鍵字

苯酮尿症 ； 母親教養態度 ； 氣質

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the maternal rearing practice on the temperament and dietary control in children with phenylketonuria.
Study subjects consisted of 42 mothers of children with phenylketonuria. They were all recruited by purposive sampling. The data were collected in the form of questionnaires, including: (1) the demographic data of the children and mother, (2) the condition of dietary control, (3) the maternal rearing practice scale, and (4) the children temperament scale.
The major findings of the study are as follows:
1. The maternal rearing practice was significantly different for the types of the disease, age groups of the children, and the mother's economic and social status. The children temperament was significantly different for the types of the disease, the age groups of the children, the birth order of the children, and the mother's economic and social status.

2. There was a positive correlation between children’s approach/withdrawal temperament and maternal permissive rearing practice. There were positive correlations between children’s activity level, regularity, approach/withdrawal and distractibility temperaments and maternal democratic rearing practice.

3. The intelligence development of PKU children was related to the satisfaction toward physical development, the preparation of low-protein diet, maternal democratic rearing practice, and children’s temperament including activity level, quality of mood, persistence. And the satisfaction toward physical development, types of the disease, and children’s activity level and persistence temperament were predictors of the intelligence development of PKU children.

4. For dietary control type PKU children, the phenylalanine were related to whether mother was primary caregiver, the satisfaction toward the physical development, the behavior of diet control, the diet record, the initial phenylalanine level, children’s age, and children’s intensity of reaction and threshold of responsiveness temperament. The initial phenylalanine level and whether mother was the primary caregiver were predictors for the phenylalanine of PKU children.

並列關鍵字

Phenylketonuria ； maternal rearing practice ； temperament

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