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  • 學位論文

無線感測網路Tmote Sky內建感測器之適用性探討

Feasibility Study of Sensors on Tmote Sky for Wireless Sensor Network Applications

指導教授 : 方煒

摘要


低耗能,低成本,體積小,可自我調適和允許訊號無線傳輸的無線感測網路是近年來通訊科技、微機電和積體電路迅速發展的產物,在應用上可發展成為建構智慧環境的工具。本研究旨在探討遵循ZigBee聯盟與IEEE 802.15.4通訊協定的無線感測網路相關產品Tmote Sky (Moteiv, USA) 上之PAR, TSR感測器 (S1087, S1087-01, Hamamatsu, Japan) 與溫/濕度感測器 (SHT 11, Sensirion AG, Switzerland) 之適用性。 本研究使用可攜式光譜量測儀器 (LI-1800, LICOR, USA)、標準溫度計 (Tomei, Japan) 和飽和鹽溶液來驗證Tmote Sky所量測到的PAR與TSR光量、溫度與相對濕度,後二項並與環境量測研究常用的HOBO溫濕度記錄器 (Onset, USA) 的量測結果比較。 研究結果發現在不同光源與光量的條件下,Tmote Sky較適合量測室內一般照明或LED光盤的光量;在室外中等亮度或更高的光量下,此兩顆光感測器均無法提供可接受的精度。改善方式或許可在光感測器上方安裝已知穿透率的透明材料,讓感測器的輸出電流在4 μA內,由此轉換求得的光量,再除以該穿透率,求出真正的光量。 Tmote Sky的溫度感測器與標準溫度計比較有3 ~ 4 ℃的誤差;九種飽和鹽溶液所提供的標準相對濕度範圍為11.30 ~ 93.58 %,在25 ℃與標準相對濕度範圍內,Tmote Sky的濕度感測器的誤差為8 ~ -26 %,高濕與低濕範圍的誤差較大。Moteiv公司將光感測器與溫/濕度感測器並排的設計並不適當,在光線直射下,量光量時,溫/濕度讀值會受到很大的影響,在晴天時溫/濕度與HOBO比較可分別相差達16.3 ℃和17.4 %;量溫濕度時,需要遮蔭與適度通風,在應用上需要在光感測器上加裝導光設備,或者光和溫/濕度感測器應分開排放且後者應有適度遮蔽與通風。

並列摘要


Wireless sensor network (WSN) becomes popular due to the rapid development of IT, MEMS and IC technology. Features such as low electricity consumption, low cost, small size, self-adjustable and capable of wireless communication make it a good tool to develop ambient intelligent system. The objective of this research is to investigate on PAR and TSR light sensors (S1087, S1087-01, Hamamatsu, Japan) and temperature (T) /relative humidity (RH) sensors (SHT 11, Sensirion AG, Switzerland) on Tmote Sky, which is a commercially available ZigBee based (following IEEE 802.15.4 protocol) WSN related product of Moteiv company of US. Portable spectroradiometer (LI-1800, LICOR, USA), standard thermometer (Tomei, Japan) and saturated solutions of 9 types of salt were used as standards to validate the data measured by PAR, TSR, T and RH sensors of Tmote Sky. Latter 2 were also validated with HOBO T/RH data logger, which is popular in environmental measurement. Results of light measurements shows Tmote Sky is quite accurate when measuring indoor light or LED panels used. However, for outdoor solar radiation measurement, the sensors fail to provide accurate readings. Some improvements such as a transparent film with the given transmittance need to be used to constraint sensor output current below 4 μA. Results of Temperature measurement show 3 to 4 degree C difference. Under 25 degree C and 11.30~93.58 % RH range provided by saturated solution of 9 types of salt, the error of RH sensor on Tmote Sky range from 8 to -26 %. The arrangement of PAR, TSR light sensors and T/RH sensors closely connected is a poor design. Light measurement requires direct impact of light beam and this will affect accuracy of T/RH sensors. In a sunny day, the error can be as large as 16.3 degree C and 17.4% RH. When measuring T and RH, prevent direct radiation is needed thus light sensors with certain light guide is needed to provide accurate readings.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


林詠勝(2007)。架構於ZigBee協定的生物環境無線感測網路監控系統〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.03093

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