網際網路觸發孤狼式恐怖屠殺事件之探討

傳統恐怖主義在進入網際網路普及時代後，似乎已逐漸遠離原本認為應該發展之模樣，而孤狼式恐怖份子利用網際網路的傳播速度以及社群媒體的渲染力，使全球的孤狼式恐怖屠殺模式更分散、更難以對付，但也更具串聯性。但網際網路與社群媒體在激進孤狼過程中是否具有同等重要意義，或是2014年網際網路4G功能興起後，使得社群媒體例如YouTube以及Facebook開始提供手機直播功能可更迅速且即時傳遞影音，是否也可當作孤狼式恐怖主義份子可能散播其攻擊行動之跨越國界之媒介，恐怖攻擊事件是否因此急速增多？攻擊屠殺案件之間是否亦有相同模式可循？例如攻擊前會否於個人Facebook頁面、網站甚至youtube頻道宣告，亦或模仿其他攻擊者散播個人宣言以及直播，此一模式又是否值得我們反思與探討？比例是否激增？本文將逐一探討相關議題，並觀察2001年9月11日美國恐怖攻擊事件發生前、2001年至2013年間，以及2014年網際網路4G功能興起後與，孤狼式恐怖攻擊事件與犯罪前於網路宣稱犯罪或受網路激化比例之關聯性，最後探討我國孤狼恐怖攻擊事件，以及我國與國際反恐作為對台灣反恐策略之反思，進而盼藉由不同角度察覺網際網路不僅深刻改變恐怖主義行為，更逐漸深入、滲透孤狼恐怖主義者攻擊行為模式，惟我國反恐政策及法制規範是否適用於此種觀念，更值得反思。

關鍵字

孤狼式恐怖主義；屠殺；網際網路；社群媒體；孤狼式恐怖主義份子

並列摘要

After entering the era of popularization of the Internet, traditional terrorism seems to have gradually moved away from what it initially thought it should be. Nevertheless, lone-wolf terrorists use the expansion and extension of the Internet, the rendering power of social media to make global lone-wolf terrorism massacre models more dispersed and more difficult to deal with, but also more tandem. The Internet and social media are equally crucial in the process of the radical lone-wolf terrorism, or after the rise of the Internet 4G function in 2014, social media such as YouTube and Facebook began to provide staggeringly live broadcast functions, and both them effect lone-wolf terrorism furthermore. Could instantly the transmission of video and audio be used as a medium for the lone-wolf terrorists to spread their attacks across national borders? Have the number of terrorist attacks increased rapidly? Is there a similar pattern to be followed between assault cases? For example, will there be any declaration on a personal Facebook page, website or even YouTube channel before the attack, or imitate other lone-wolf terrorists to broadcast their declarations or live streaming? Are these models worthy of our reflection and discussions? Have the ratio surged? This thesis will discuss related issues one by one. It has observed the lone-wolf terrorist attacks in three eras, which is before the September 11 attacks, yea of 2001 to 2013, and after the rise of the Internet 4G functions in 2014 till the end of 2019. It has been claiming the relevance of the proportion of terrorism or intensified by the Internet and finally discussing the lone-wolf terrorist attacks in Taiwan's. As well as the international counter-terrorism measures, as the reflection on Taiwan's counter-terrorism strategy. Socialist behavior has gradually deepened and penetrated the attack patterns of lone-wolf terrorists, but it is worth reflecting on whether Taiwan's anti-terrorism policies and legal norms apply to this concept. Hope it would gain a bit not so much cutting-edge conclusion at this thesis.