後輪操控對抑止車輛翻覆之影響分析

本研究欲瞭解後輪操控與車輛動態特性變化之間的關係，並探討操控後輪對車輛翻覆之影響。首先建立九自由度全車動態數學模型，利用基礎力學理論推導系統之運動方程式，以電腦輔助模擬分析，觀察車輛動態翻覆特性。本研究以NHTSA規定之J-turn進行模擬，並定義兩輪離地即判定為車輛翻覆，觀察在不同前輪轉向角、車速設定之內側前後輪離地時間差。最後對即將翻覆之車輛，進行外側後輪轉向、施加縱向力、轉向及施加縱向力等操控模式，觀察對車輛翻覆行為之影響。研究中得到不同外側後輪操控模式對改變車輛動態特性之影響，以及如何操控外側後輪以延遲或抑止車輛翻覆。

關鍵字

車輛翻覆；外側後輪轉向；煞車力；九自由度全車動態模型

並列摘要

The purpose of the study is to understand the fundamental relationship between the rear wheel handling and vehicle dynamic characteristics. Firstly, a 9-DOF vehicle model is introduced, and by using the basic dynamic principle and computer programs, the equations of motion of the system are established and used to observe the vehicle dynamic characteristics. The study defines rollover happens when two wheels lift-off occur. Then, in different velocities and steering angles of front wheels, simulate with J-turn test defined by NHTSA and observe the difference of the time between two inside wheels. Finally, observe the effect of the outside rear handling for the rollover behavior of the vehicle which will overturn soon by exerting steering, longitudinal force, and steering plus longitudinal force on the outside rear wheel. This study obtains the fundamental relationship between the rear wheel handling and vehicle dynamic characteristics and the way how to handle the outside rear wheel in order to postpone or prevent rollover.

並列關鍵字

rollover ； outside rear wheel ； steer ； braking force ； 9-DOF vehicle model

參考文獻

[1] National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, www.nhtsa.dot.gov

[2] The World Bank, www.worldbank.org

[3] M. Marine, J. Wirth, and T. Thomas, “Characteristics of on-road rollovers”, SAE Paper No. 1999-01-0122, 1999.

[4] M. Frimberger, F. Wolf, G. Scholpp, and J. Schmidt, “Influences of parameters at vehicle rollover”, SAE Paper 2000-01-2669, 2000.

[5] R. Whitehead, W. Travis, D. M. Bevly, and G. Flowers, “A Study of the effect of various vehicle properties on rollover propensity”, SAE Paper 2004-01-2094, 2004.

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後輪操控對抑止車輛翻覆之影響分析

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