虛擬及現地自然情境之注意力恢復力、臨場感及心理生理反應

The Attention Restoration, Presence and Psychophysiological Responses of Virtual Reality vs. On-site Natural Setting.

嚴婉甄(Wan-Chen Yen)

指導教授 ： 張俊彥

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.02441

摘要

自然景觀帶來的心理效益是近十幾年來心理學界及景觀界研究的重要議題，研究者致力於以照片、影片、窗景、居住環境或是植物盆栽引進室內，測試帶自然之元素對於人類生理及心理上產生的變化。虛擬實境致力於儘可能地展現人類的感覺；將最主要的視覺感官體驗藉由電腦呈現在使用者的面前，並與栩栩如生的場景互動。許多臨床生理學研究，以虛擬實境取代傳統心理療法，以量測其生理數值記錄虛擬實境療程中的生理變化。許多心理治療研究者也透過虛擬實境以增加正向的心理健康，證明其透過改變認知及最後的行為來增進正向的健康結果。而虛擬實境中之臨場感與選擇性注意力有關，並有研究證實臨場感會受到虛擬實境經驗的影響，同時與部分生理指數有相關性存在。

本研究比較現地與虛擬實境模擬景觀對注意力及心理生理反應之差異，以及比較不同虛擬實境經驗程度之注意力及心理生理反應是否有關聯性，再探討注意力及心理生理反應和臨場感之間的相關性。透過實驗操作驗證得出以下結論：虛擬自然環境有如真實自然環境般的環境注意力恢復力及使前額肌放鬆的作用。在虛擬自然環境中比較有臨場感的話，所感知到的環境注意力恢復力也會較多，前額的肌肉也會比較放鬆。本研究也初步驗證了環境偏好程度與注意力回復力及臨場感有相關性存在。

關鍵字

虛擬實境 ； 注意力回復力 ； 臨場感 ； 生理心理學 ； 肌電值 ； 心跳速率

並列摘要

The psychological benefit of natural environments has been an important subject of psychological and landscape architecture research in recent years, with researchers introducing the natural elements to the participants through pictures, videos, window scenes, or plant plots to test the physiological and psychological changes they produce. Much research has demonstrated that altering perception enhances the health status. Indeed, many clinical physiology researchers and mental health researchers have substituted such virtual reality for traditional therapies, recording changes and improvements in physiological and psychological well-being. Virtual reality aims to address as many human senses as possible, presenting the most important visual sensory experiences through the use of a computer, thereby enabling people to interact with lifelike scenes. As such, virtual reality may relate to the concept of selective attention, which has been proven to correlate with virtual reality experiences as well as some physiological measures.

The present study compares on-site and virtual reality natural environments to measure attentional restoration and psychophysiological reactions in order to determine if virtual reality experiences correlate with attentional restoration and psychophysiological reactions. Furthermore, it explores the relationship between presence and attentional restoration and psychophysiological reactions. The results indicated no significant differences in attentional recovery and electromyogram(EMG) activity over the brow region between the virtual reality versus on-site natural environment, but heart rate(HR) appears significant differences between the two conditions. Although more senses of presence, more attentional recovery, and lower EMG activity over the brow region were evident. This study also confirmed the relationship between preference and attentional restoration(on-site & VR) and presence(VR).

並列關鍵字

Virtual Reality ； Attention Restoration ； Presence ； Psychophysiology ； Electromyogram ； Heart Rate

參考文獻

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