- 學位論文
他們的精彩片段，我的幕後花絮：社群網站上社會比較、自我評價與憂鬱之跨時間影響機制
Their Highlight Reels, My Behind-the-Scenes: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study of the Mechanisms among Social Comparison, Self-Evaluation and Depression on Social Networking Sites
摘要
目的：社群網站為現代人生活場域的一部份，在近十年累積不少其對於心理適應的影響的研究。其中發現，使用者長期接觸社群網站的同時，容易與他人進行社會比較（social comparison），進而引起憂鬱等負面情緒。有鑒於社會比較是自我探索與鞏固之必經過程，本研究納入社會比較所引發的自我評價為變項，檢驗個體外貌、能力、社交面向的自我評價如何隨社會比較變動，以及與後續憂鬱的關聯，以釐清社群網站上社會比較惡化情緒的機制。本研究以理想我與現實我的差距表現自我評價之內涵，並進一步深入探索接觸社群網站內容對於個體理想我、現實我的影響，及兩者跨時間的變化對於情緒適應的影響。研究方法：研究參與者為網路招募之20至29歲Instagram使用者，以間隔四週的兩時間點發放量表進行追蹤研究，有效樣本共344人。研究結果：（ㄧ）即便在Instagram上能力面向社會比較最為頻繁，但僅有社交面向社會比較可中介使用時間正向預測後續憂鬱的關係。（二）社交面向社會比較、理想現實差距可依序中介使用時間正向預測後續憂鬱的關係。（三）社交面向理想我跨時間變化可中介社交面向社會比較正向預測後續憂鬱的關係。研究討論：本研究依據結果探討Instagram上社交面向社會比較、理想現實差距之連動影響，並給予使用社群網站的具體建議，以及臨床介入之參考。
並列摘要
Background: Social networking sites are part of the platforms in modern life. Over the past decade, many studies have explored its impact on psychological adjustment. Studies have found that intense social networking site users are likely to make social comparison with others, which in turn causes negative emotions such as depression. Given that comparing with others is a necessary process for identity exploration and consolidation, the current study included self-evaluation triggered by social comparison as a mediating variable, and examined whether appearance-, ability-, and socially-oriented self-evaluation independently contributes to subsequent depression, in order to clarify how social comparison would worsen subsequent depression. The current study used ideal-actual discrepancy to assess self-evaluation, explored the impacts of social networking contents on the ideal self and actual self, and clarified how their changes may affect emotional adjustment after 4 weeks. Methods: Instagram users from 20 to 29 years old were recruited online. Questionnaires were distributed at two time points with a four-week interval. A total of 344 valid samples were obtained. Results: (1) Even though ability-oriented social comparison was most frequently operated on Instagram, only socially-oriented social comparison mediated the positive relationship between use of time and subsequent depression. (2) Socially-oriented social comparison and ideal-actual discrepancy orderly mediated the positive relationship between use of time and subsequent depression. (3) Socially-oriented ideal-self change mediated the positive relationship between socially-oriented social comparison and subsequent depression. Discussion: Based on the results, this study explored the mechanism of social comparison and ideal-actual discrepancy on Instagram, and provided specific suggestions on the use of social networking sites as well as recommendations for clinical intervention.
參考文獻
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