當民營化成為國際趨勢,其客體亦由國營企業延伸至國家的其他公共任務,使得國家的角色由給付者轉化為管制者、擔保者。行政任務的民營化強調藉由民間的資源,以履行公共任務,而達到減輕國家負擔的目的,因此行政任務民營化與政府再造運動在概念上有高度的重合之處。我國的政府再造運動劃分為四個主要類型:地方化、行政法人、委外經營及去任務化,若由團體紀律及人民參與兩個面向作指標,自治制度所具有的高度紀律及高度參與的特色,是可以作為行政任務民營化的選項,但似乎並未受到應有的重視。本文由發現我國行政任務民營化的缺口,進而尋求以自治制度作為填補該缺口之可能性。並以證券市場的行業自治作為操作的實例,以具體說明自治作為行政任務民營化的可行性。證券市場的行業自治通稱為自律,並以廣泛地在國際上通行援用,最主要的自律組織為證券交易所及證券商同業公會。該兩者在我國已存在多時,但仍多受政府之影響,距離真正發揮自律功能,尚有一段距離,若能藉由政府再造的機會,參考已開發國家的法制及實踐經驗,落實自律機制,將有助於自治制度的建立,並達到減輕國家負擔、整合社會紀律的目的。
Privatization is an international trend and its object has been extended from state-owned enterprises to public services. Therefore, the role of the state has shifted from the service provider to the regulator and the guarantor. The privatization of government function emphasizes to introduce private resources into the fulfillment of public services to relax the state’s burden, which is highly correlated to the government reform program. In Taiwan, the government reform program includes four major types: localization, administrative body, outsource and divest. From the views of group discipline and participation, autonomy (self regulation) has the character of the both in a high degree, but has not attracted much attention. This dissertation argues that autonomy can fill up the gap of privatization of government function in Taiwan. To be more specified, the self regulation mechanism of securities market is raised as an example of the application of autonomy in government reform. Self regulation is widely recognized internationally, and the most important organizations are securities exchange and associations of securities firms. Both of the organizations have existed in Taiwan for a long period, but have not operated very well and are influenced by the government. In the era of government reform, Taiwan has the opportunity to establish a comprehensive self regulation institution and put it into practice, if the legal system and enforcement experience of developed countries are referred in depth. Therefore, it can help to decrease government burden and discipline social forces.