The semiconductor is the industry that manufactures integrated circuit (IC) chips with high precision equipment and cutting-edge technology. Manufacturing processes in fabrication plants (FAB) are capital intensive, carrying the costly risk of low line yield – a situation when inputting wafers are not scraped, or used up, entirely. For semiconductor companies to remain profitable and competitive, preventative risk management mechanisms must be embedded in the FAB production processes for quality control. This thesis discusses the statistical process control (SPC) techniques employed at Company S – one of the industry leaders in semiconductors – for early detection of quality problems, focusing on the X bar R control chart to monitor production quality overtime against benchmarked control limits and the process capability indices (Cp, Cpk) to determine process capability in the presence of external factors. The thesis illustrates how Company S strategically deploys its SPC strategy for quality control (QC) to recognize quality problems in advance and lower occurrence rates in the future.