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  • 學位論文

福爾摩沙衛星二號立體像對產生數值地形模型之精度研究

ACCURACY EVALUATION OF DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL GENERATED FROM FORMOSAT-2 STEREO IMAGERY

指導教授 : 朱子豪

摘要


福爾摩沙衛星二號為我國自主發射之衛星,具有全色態空間解析力2公尺取像能力,可拍攝立體像對,政府部門對於各項台灣地表資源的運用與管理、天然災害如颱風、地震、豪雨所造成的災害評估,都仰賴福爾摩沙衛星二號影像。基於此種理由,本研究便希望利用福爾摩沙衛星二號立體像對來產製數值地形模型,以供各領域尤其是地理領域分析運用。本研究目標(1)在福爾摩沙衛星二號影像處理終端機(ROCSAT-2 Terminal,R2T)尚未提供產製數值地形模型功能前,建立一替代方案可快速由福爾摩沙衛星二號立體像對產生數值地形模型。(2)探討控制點對數值地形模型精度之影響研究。(3)提出無多餘觀測控制點數量下數值地形模型產製精度。(4)使用理論分析法、實驗分析法中剖面分析法、單元性純數值式分析法、雙元性純數值式分析法及空間性的地理分析方法與視覺分析法,利用上述方法來評估產製數值地形模型精度。 經研究運用福爾摩沙衛星二號立體像對及少量6個控制點,實施幾何改正,利用影像匹配方式產製出數值地形模型,求得數值表面模型(DSM)其均方根誤差(RMSE),全色態約可達6.2公尺至9.4公尺,多光譜約7.7公尺至11.5公尺。傳統上對於數值地形模型精度都僅以RMSE值表達,容易理解但易受大誤差影響,雖可配合參考排序指標排除大誤差的問題,然對於地形描述精度、地理空間關係與誤差存在的空間位置卻仍無法表達,本研究除利用傳統統計數值評估外,更透過使用剖面分析法、空間關係之水流網萃取及視覺性誤差等值線圖的應用,以彌補傳統RMSE值無法表達地形描述精度、地理空間關係與誤差空間位置等不足。

並列摘要


Formosa-2 is a satellite which Taiwan has full authority for management. It can not only acquire panchromatic imagery with spatial resolution up to 2 meter but also has the capability of taking stereo pair on track. Taiwan government depends heavily on Formosa-2 imagery in nature resource management as well as the prevention, control and damage evaluation of natural disaster such as typhoon, earthquake and flood. Therefore, this research aims at utilizing Formosa-2 stereo pair to generate DTM for analysis and applications in different fields, especially in the field of geography. The objectives of this research are followed. Firstly, to built a substitution for rapid generation of DTM from Formosat-2 stereo pair before ROCSAT-2 Image Processing Terminal start to provide DTM generation funtion. Secondly, to investigate the influence of ground control points to accuracy of DTM. Thirdly, to examine accuracy of DTM while using non-redundant ground control points. Fourthly, to evaluate accuracies of DTM generation and discuss the discrepancies of different methods such as theoretical accuracy analysis, experimental single-unit or bi-unit numerical analysis, profile analysis, geo-spatial analysis and vision analysis. In this research, a Formosat-2 stereo pair has been geometrically rectified by using 6 ground control points and DSM is then generated by image matching technology. The results indicate that RMSE is about 6.2m to 9.4m in panchromatic mode and 7.7m to 11.5m in multi-spectral mode respectively. RMSE is a traditional way to express accuracy of DTM which is easily understood but is subjective to gross errors. Although the gross errors can probably be removed by coordinating with reference sequential index, RMSE can not effectively present the relief accuracy, geospatial relationship and error location. Traditional statistical numerical analysis is used in this research, moreover, I also utilize methods of profile analysis, water network extraction in geospatial analysis and visualized error contour map to strengthen the deficiency of RMSE mentioned above.

參考文獻


史天元 (1995) 數值高程模型(DEM)之品質與其指標,國科會專題研究計畫成果報告。
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吳怡瑛 (2000) 中華二號衛星影像幾何模擬及方位重建,國立中央大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。

被引用紀錄


黃俊豪(2011)。應用無控制點有理函式提升衛星影像幾何校正之精度研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.10003
莊宗達(2009)。福衛二號立體像對產製數值地表模型之適用性分析〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315155333

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