運用標準化管理推動安全衛生管理系統之知識管理模式先期研究

A Preliminary Study on the Prototype of Standardization Management-based Knowledge Management Implementation Model of Safety-Health Management System

周上欽(Shang-Chin Chou)

指導教授 ： 王銘宗

共同指導教授 ： 許宏德

國立臺灣大學/工學院/工業工程學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.10333

摘要

企業組織在現今全球化市場競爭環境及國際貿易需求下，實施標準化管理，已成為企業確保競爭優勢的基本條件與措施；另一方面，隨著知識經濟時代的來臨，「知識」已成為企業經營運作最重要的資產，知識的管理與創造已成為企業確保競爭優勢的關鍵因素。由於知識管理沒有終點，不是順利運作知識管理計畫就算完成，而是必須評核實行成效後回饋運作體系，使知識管理機制得以持續發展。在面臨國內職業災害發生率無法大幅降低下，如何有效落實高標準並推行OHSAS 18000安全衛生管理系統已變成一項重要的挑戰，亦是產業界必須正視的課題。因此，如何協助企業組織推動安全衛生管理系統之知識管理，乃是目前企業組織經營所面臨的重要問題。

本研究旨在探討企業組織如何以OHSAS 18000安全衛生管理系統為基礎，運用其四大項目(1)政策規劃(2)實施與運作(3)檢查與矯正措施(4)管理階層審查，所架構的過程模式，結合企業經營發展的願景，推動發展安全衛生管理系統之知識管理。本研究從建構研究命題開始，透過相關文獻探討，彙整分析組織推行標準化管理及知識管理之相關理念，說明組織知識對知識管理及安全衛生管理系統之關係，並以理論分析及文獻案例探討為基礎，分析說明標準化管理各要項所具備之安全衛生管理系統知識管理功能，據以發展運用標準化管理推動安全衛生管理系統之知識管理模式。本研究之主要貢獻如下所述：

一、在標準化管理所具備之安全衛生管理系統知識管理功能研究中，探討推行安全衛生管理系統之知識管理活動時，OHSAS 18000之安全衛生政策、規劃、實施與運作、檢查與矯正措施、管理階層審查等內容要項，如何達成安全衛生知識遠景、安全衛生知識創造、安全衛生知識蓄積及安全衛生知識擴散之安全衛生管理系統知識管理功能。

二、運用標準化管理推動安全衛生管理系統之知識管理模式，包括四個安全衛生管理系統之知識管理實踐類別：
(一)安全衛生管理系統之知識彙集與再利用。
(二)運用安全衛生管理系統之知識解決安全衛生問題。
(三)組織學習與累積安全衛生管理系統之知識。
(四)創新安全衛生管理系統之知識與革新。
冀望以標準化管理運做為基礎，從安全衛生管理系統之知識彙集與再利用，逐步提升至企業組織進行安全衛生管理系統之策略規劃時，能進一步創新安全衛生管理系統之知識與革新。

三、本研究之結果可提供已實施OHSAS 18000的企業組織，為擴大並持續改進安全衛生管理的運作績效，而推動實行安全衛生管理系統知識管理之應用參考。

關鍵字

安全衛生管理系統 ； OHSAS 18000 ； 標準化管理 ； 知識管理

並列摘要

Nowadays, many enterprises are on the stress of global business competition and international trade requirements, the Standardization Management led to business that has become the basic strategy to ensure the competitive advantage for enterprises. And then, companion with knowledge economic generation’s coming, “knowledge ”has become the most important resource and key point to ensure the competitive advantage for enterprises. If just to follow knowledge management plan can not ensure business’s success, the business need to assess the results of feedback system, then knowledge management system will get development continually. In the face of nondecrease occupational injuries in our country, attaining a high and consistent level of safety-health management system on the basis of the recently developed new standards, OHSAS 18000, is becoming an important issue for manufacturers to fit international trends. Therefore, the way to cut into the knowledge management of safety-health management system field is the most important issue for enterprises.

This research aims to explore the enterprise organization how to base on the OHSAS 18000. It has four terms: (1) Policy Planning, (2) Implementation and Operation, (3) Checking and Corrective Action, (4) Management Review. The enterprise organization can utilize the skeleton of process to combine their vision of management to impel the knowledge management of safety-health management system. This research begins with the construction of thesis and through the exploration of related documents, embodies and analyzes the organization to impel Standardization Management and related idea of the knowledge management. Comment the relation on the management of systematic knowledge and the management of the safety-health management system. Analyze the example of the related documents ideally to comment all terms of the function of knowledge of safety-health management system and develop the Standardization Management-based Knowledge Management Implementation Model of Safety-Health Management System. The main contributions of this research are summarized as follows,

1.Researching for the knowledge management of safety-health management system within Standardization Management, the activities for practicing knowledge management of safety-health management system including： safety-health policy, planning, implementation and operation, checking and corrective action, and management review. Those activities will help to get good functions of knowledge management of safety-health management system, such as safety-health knowledge vision, safety-health knowledge creation, safety-health knowledge accumulation and safety-health knowledge expansion.
2.Using the Standardization Management-based Knowledge Management Implementation Model of Safety-Health Management System, there are four practice modes for knowledge management of safety-health management system in the following:
Knowledge of safety-health management system collection and reuse,
Knowledge of safety-health management system for solving safety-health problems,
Organization learning and knowledge of safety-health management system accumulation,
Knowledge of safety-health management system creation and innovation.
When business organization plan to draw up the strategy of safety-health management system, just follow the four modes to operate, that will improve the safety-health managment for enterprises.

3.This research results will provid to enterprises that have been certified by OHSAS 18000, in order to improve the operation efficiency of safety-health management, and to promote the abilities for enterprises. The studies will be good references to practice the knowledge management of safety-health management system.

並列關鍵字

OHSAS 18000 ； Standardization Management ； Knowledge Management ； Safety-Health Management System

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