領導型態與成就動機對於工作滿意度之影響—以組織氣氛為中介變項

Influence of Leadership Styles and Achievement Motivation on Job Satisfaction—Organizational Climate as a Mediating Variable

張維堯(Wei-Yao Chang)

指導教授 ： 楊立人

共同指導教授 ： 李雅婷(Ya-Ting Lee)

淡江大學/商管學院/企業管理學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2021.00143

摘要

由於我國國防轉型及組織調整的變革，由「精實」、「精進」、「精粹」及「勇固」等一系列方案之推動下，國軍不斷的修正及精簡人力，從60萬人精簡至21.5萬人，兵力來源也由「徵兵制」轉而成「募兵制」。因此，在新生代人員接受管理教育模式的改變及現今社會注重人權與民主之狀況下，導致以往軍隊使用「高壓式領導」或「權威式領導」方式，轉型為「魅力型領導」、「轉換型領導」及「服務型領導」來實施。

本研究其目的為藉由上級的領導風格，促使部屬獲得成就動機，願意為組織團隊付出，打造良好的組織氣氛，並接受被賦予重要任務、目標及提升個人工作滿意度，使國軍達成良性循環之正面影響。

本研究以空軍防空部為樣本來源，包括防砲、飛彈、戰管等相關單位，對象包含專業職、管理職及領導職人員，主要在探討「領導型態與成就動機對於工作滿意度之關係並以組織氣氛為中介變項」。本研究採網路問卷調查，發放時間為2021年3月1日至2021年3月16日，針對有效問卷計198份，進行敘述性統計、信度分析、相關性分析、迴歸分析及層級迴歸分析，最後根據實證之結果提出以下結論：
1.領導型態對組織氣氛具有顯著正向的影響。
2.成就動機對組織氣氛具有顯著正向的影響。
3.組織氣氛對工作滿意度具有顯著正向的影響。
4.組織氣氛對領導型態與工作滿意度之關係具有顯著部分中介效果。
5.組織氣氛對成就動機與工作滿意度之關係具有顯著部分中介效果。
6.領導型態對工作滿意度具有顯著正向的影響。
7.成就動機對工作滿意度具有顯著正向的影響。

關鍵字

領導型態 ； 成就動機 ； 組織氣氛 ； 工作滿意度

並列摘要

Owning to the reform of national defense advancement and structural adjustment, driven by series of strategic plans such as "lean", "revamp", "exquisite" and "courageous", the national army has continuously reduced its manpower from 600,000 personnel to 215,000 personnel. The source of force has also changed from the "conscription" into "recruitment". As a result, the leadership style of military has shifted from "high-pressure style" or "authoritative style" into " charismatic style", "transformational style", and "servant style", due to the change in the internal management of the new generation and the emphasis on human rights and democracy in current society.

The objective of this study is to utilize the leadership style from superior to motivate the subordinates for achieving motivation, to form contribution to corresponding organization, to construct well systematic atmosphere, and to undertake important missions with objectives, and to improve occupational self-satisfaction, resulting in positive circular effect in our current military.

This data source of the study is from ROC Air Force Air Defense Artillery Command, including artillery, missiles, battle management and other related units. The objects include occupational, managerial and executive personnel. The main focus is ‘‘the relationship between leadership style and motivation of achievement to occupational satisfaction, with organizational atmosphere intermediary variable.’’ The study adopts online questionnaire during March 1st, 2021 to March 16th, 2021 as references, which counts for 198 valid samples by performing narrative statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and hierarchical regression. Based on the aforesaid analytical method, the following conclusions are listed below based on empirical results:
1.Leadership style has significant positive impact on organizational atmosphere.
2.Motivation of achievement has significant positive impact on organizational atmosphere.
3.Organizational atmosphere has significant positive impact on occupational satisfaction.
4.Organizational atmosphere has significant intermediary effect on the relationship between leadership style and occupational satisfaction.
5.Organizational atmosphere has significant intermediary effect on the relationship between Motivation of achievement and occupational satisfaction.
6.Leadership style has significant positive impact on occupational satisfaction.
7.Motivation of achievement has significant positive impact on occupational satisfaction.

並列關鍵字

Leadership Styles ； Achievement Motivation ； Organizational Climate ； Job Satisfaction

參考文獻

中文文獻：

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