住宅地震保險購買因素之研究

1999年發生921大地震，造成全國經濟損失約新臺幣3,000億元，其中住宅損失1,284億元，造成房屋倒塌(全倒、半倒)約10萬5千多戶，政府隨即於2002年成立財團法人住宅地震基金會，當年全國住宅地震保險投保率為0.99%，經過15年努力推廣後，2017年全國投保率上升至33.55%，雖略見成效仍有很大隱憂，依據全國住宅戶數約860萬戶計算，目前約有571萬戶的房屋仍然未有基本的地震保險保障，臺灣若再次發生強烈地震災害，沒有保險保障要迅速重建家園恢復正常生活，恐非易事。本研究採用2016年1月1日至2016年12月31日間之住宅地震保險保單，以羅吉斯迴歸分析房屋本體資訊對購買住宅地震意願(保額)之影響，實證結果顯示，除住宅建築物等級(conctr)不具關聯性外，住宅建築結構(material)、住宅屋頂結構(roof)、住宅建築年份(year)、住宅總樓層數(height)、住宅坪數(space)及住宅抵押貸款(mortgage)等六個變數對購買住宅地震保險之意願與其保額有顯著相關性。本研究期以實證結果提供予政府及保險公司參考，以提升全國住宅地震保險投保率。

關鍵字

住宅地震保險；住宅建築結構；住宅屋頂結構；住宅建築年份；購買意願

並列摘要

The 921 earthquake on 1999 had caused a national economic loss of about NT$300 billion, of which 128.4 billion was lost in residential buildings, resulting in the collapse of about 105,000 houses (including total and partially collapsed). The government immediately set up Taiwan Residential Earthquake Insurance Fund in the following year, 2002. The residential earthquake insurance coverage rate was 0.99% at the time. After 15 years of hard work, the residential earthquake insurance coverage rate rose to 33.55% in 2017. The results are phenomenal but there are still a lot of hidden worries, with 8.6 million residential households in the country, presently there are still about 5.71 million homes which do not have basic earthquake insurance coverage. If Taiwan has another severe earthquake, it will not be easy to quickly rebuild its homes and resume normal life without insurance. This study adopts the residential earthquake insurance policy issued from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016, and uses logistic regression to analyze the influence of building information on the intention of purchasing (insurance amount) earthquake insurance. The empirical results show that, except for the fact that the residential building class (conctr) is not relevant, six variables, including material structure of residential building, roof structure of residential building, year of construction, total floor number of residential buildings (height), floor space and mortgage of residential mortgage, were significantly correlated with the intention and amount of coverage. This study provides the empirical results to the government and insurance companies in hope to improve the national housing earthquake insurance coverage rate.