跨語際性作為符碼轉換或符碼嚙合？:
對阿米塔夫·果許《惡潮水》和查克斯·恩達
《紅色之心》中喻體和身份認同的客體間性分析

本論文嘗試探討後殖民小說中的跨語際性（translinguality）現象如何影響喻體的表達方式和本土身分認同。除了將“跨語際小說”定義為跨國或雙語/多語語境實踐載體外，本文亦指出當代“跨語際小說”在語言和敘述手法均具符碼嚙合（code-meshing）特徵，而非僅是單純的符碼轉換行為，其目的在於揭露小說如何在敘述過程中建立具特異性喻體表達模式和本土身分認同。在此過程中，跨語際性不應僅是某種固定身分的表達形式，而應被視為一種重要的動因，促使離散主體生成新的身分認同。因此，喻體和身分認同構成“跨語際小說”的兩大基本元素。本研究援用客體間性和向量化的方法論，對後殖民時期印度作家阿米塔夫·果許的《惡潮水》（2004）和南非作家查克斯·恩達的《紅色之心》（2000）中的喻體和身分認同主題進行闡述，總結出跨語際性的敘述特徵，確立喻體和身分認同在符碼嚙合語境下的實踐軌跡。

關鍵字

跨語際性；符碼嚙合；喻體；身分認同；客體間性；向量化

並列摘要

This dissertation will explore novels written in the post-colonial period from code-meshing perspective under a theme of translinguality, as that phenomenon reveals figurative paths of communication and indigenous identity. I try to redefine the notion of “translingual novel,” which is filled with a variety of translingual practices and whose author is a transnational or those bilinguals/pluri-linguals. This group of people has a chance to observe the world with their in-between lens. The “translingual novel” in the contemporary era, should be those fictions conducting code-meshing events, rather than simple code-switching activities, in both linguistic and narrative dimensions, with the intention to establish indigenous identity and unique figurative expressions in the narration process. In this process, translinguality should not be merely seen as the expression means of certain fixed identity, rather as a contributor/maker to generate an evolving identity for those Diasporas who are hugely influenced by global mobility and communication. Therefore, identity and figuration have become two essential components of translingual novel. Harnessing methodologies of inter-objectivity and vectorization, this dissertation will study two themes within translinguality, namely identity and figuration, in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide (2004) and Zakes Mda’s The Heart of Redness (2000). By tracing Indian and African translingual novels in the post-colonial era, I will analyze and categorize narrative features of translingualism from the perspective of inter-objectivity and vectorization, with an aim to determine trajectories of code-meshed practice embodied on the theme of figuration and identity.