FPGA驗證整數運算: 以DC/DC轉換器為例

隨著使用者需求提升系統運算日漸複雜，而過去使用軟體單晶片實現控制器及演算法的模式已不足負荷龐大運算量，因此硬體實現演算法及控制器逐漸成為系統開發的主要趨勢。大部分的演算法及控制器均以數學模型為運算基底，因此浮點運算成為了實現過程中不可或缺的部分，在浮點運算實現方面，IEEE 754 格式、定點數格式及查表法為最常見的實現方式。本論文不僅透過參考文獻分析上述之實現方式，亦提出一個容易實現及有效的整數運算，該運算乃將系統中的數值放大一百萬倍，藉此達到逼近IEEE 754 單精格式的精準度。在實驗驗證方面，本論文透過提出之整數運算格式實現模糊控制器，並透過QuartusII vector waveform timing simulation 驗證每一個運算模組，在運算模組驗證後，本論文將其應用於直流降壓轉換器及直流升壓轉換器，直流電壓轉換器的實驗結果顯示本論文所提出之運算方式可有效實現控制器所需之運算。

關鍵字

整數運算；模糊控制器；硬體實現；直流電壓轉換器

並列摘要

Along user requirements become more and more complex and the operating loading will make software implementation of micro control unit overloading. Therefore, algorithm and controller hardware implementation is becoming a trend. Majority algorithm and controller are constructed by mathematical models. While implementing the mathematical models, floating point process in hardware will be necessary. Generally, IEEE 754 format, fixed point format and lookup table are the methods to implement floating point. This thesis not only analysis each implementation method by literature review and but also propose an efficiency integer implementation method. In this method each value in the system will be scaling one million, which can make the precision close to IEEE 754 single precision. In experimental result, this thesis constructs a fuzzy controller by proposed method and verifying each circuit module by Quartus II vector waveform timing simulation. After the calculation verification, this thesis applies the fuzzy controller to control DC/DC buck converter and DC/DC boost converter. The experimental results show that the proposed method can realize controller efficiency.