新移民子女韌性與心理健康之關係

研究目的:本研究為探討新移民子女的韌性與心理健康憂鬱、安適幸福感之間的關係。研究方法:以大台中地區國民中學生之青少年子女為研究對象,採問卷調查法, 共 629 名進行施測,有效問卷為 613 份,納入 126 位新移民子女進行分析。問卷內容使用「韌性-中文版心理韌性量表」及「安適幸福感量表」及「憂鬱量表」作為研究工具,所得資料分別以描述性統計、因素分析、皮爾森相關係數、T 檢定及多元階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析檢驗,以 SPSS 統計軟體進行分析。研究結果:(1)青少年之女性在社會資源之平均得分顯著高於男性。(2)母親為台灣國籍者的家庭團結以及正向情感平均得分顯著高於越南籍母親之學童。(3)母親為台灣國籍者的憂鬱平均得分顯著低於其他東南亞國家國籍母親之學童,母親為其他東南亞國家國籍者的憂鬱情感顯著高於越南籍母親之學童。(4)透過多元階層迴歸分析發現韌性的「個人強度」、「家庭團結」以及「社交能力」等構面均可正向預測安適幸福感的「個人強度」以及「家庭團結」等構面均可負向預測憂鬱程度。結論與建議:本研究結果發現,家庭團結有助於提升安適幸福感,以及降低憂鬱傾向程度,本研究推測當個人擁有足夠的內在資源,以及家庭的支持,個人韌性強度就足以對抗外在的不良環境,進而減緩憂鬱傾向之程度。建議未來研究可搜集更多的個人內在因子,如青少年自我效能,或外在因子,如歧視、社會網路及社經背景地位等,增加樣本數及更多評估點時間,來釐清這些因素與新移民兒童心理健康之關係,相關實務及臨床工作人員可主動介入並關懷新移民子女,了解其需求及提供幫助。

關鍵字

新移民子女；韌性；心理健康；安適幸福感；憂鬱

並列摘要

Objectives: This study explores the relationship between the resilience of new immigrant children and the depression and well-being of mental health. Methods: A total of 629 questionnaires were used to survey the children of middle school students in the Taichung area. A total of 613 valid questionnaires were used, and 126 new immigrant children were included for analysis. The content of the questionnaire was based on the "Resilience-Chinese Mental Resilience Scale" and the "well-being Scale" and the "CESD Scale" as research tools. The data were obtained by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, T-test and Statistical methods such as multivariate regression analysis were used for analysis and analysis, and used SPSS statistical software analysis. Results: (1) The average score of social resources among adolescent women is significantly higher than that of men. (2) The family unity and positive sentiment scores of mothers who are Taiwanese nationals are significantly higher than those of Vietnamese mothers. (3) The average melancholy score of mothers who are Taiwanese nationals is significantly lower than that of mothers of other Southeast Asian countries. The mothers' nationality of other Southeast Asian countries is significantly higher than that of Vietnamese mothers. (4) Through the multi-level regression analysis, it is found that the "personal strength", "family unity" and "social ability" of resilience can positively predict the sense of well-being, "personal strength" and "family unity". Can predict the degree of depression negatively. Conclusions and recommendations: The results of this study found that family unity helps to improve well-being and reduce the level of depression. This study speculates that when individuals have sufficient internal resources and family support, personal toughness is sufficient to resist external Bad environment, which in turn slows down 2 the tendency of depression. It is suggested that future research can collect more personal intrinsic factors, such as adolescent self-efficacy, or external factors such as discrimination, social network and social background status, increase the number of samples and more evaluation points to clarify these factors and The relationship between mental health of new immigrant children, relevant practical and clinical staff can take the initiative to intervene and care for the children of new immigrants, understand their needs and provide assistance.