大學生睡眠質量與營養攝取及身體活動量相關研究

The relationship among sleep quality, nutrient intakes and physical activity in college students

郭文馨(Wun-Sin Guo)

指導教授 ： 翁玉青

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/營養學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究以台中市某大學日間部一年級學生為研究對象，主要目的在瞭解大學生睡眠質量、營養攝取及身體活動量的相關性。本研究採不記名自填式問卷為研究工具，問卷包含四個部分：A.學生基本背景資料；B.匹茲堡睡眠品質量表(PSQI)；C.國際身體活動量問卷台灣短版(IPAQ)；D.24小時飲食回憶紀錄。
結果發現睡眠品質差組(PSQI積分>5)每週吃早餐頻率顯著較低，且全日與晚點的熱量及脂肪攝取量也顯著高於睡眠品質佳組(PSQI積分≦5)；將睡眠時數小於6小時、6-8小時及大於8小時分成三個組別並分析其熱量及三大營養素的攝取量，結果發現睡眠時數小於6小時組其全日熱量攝取量顯著高於6-8小時組，而全日脂肪攝取量則顯著高於其他兩組；晚點的熱量、醣類及脂肪攝取量也顯著高於6-8小時組。在體位方面，則觀察到睡眠品質差組其身體質量指數(Body mass index, BMI)較高，且睡眠時數小於6小時組屬於正常體位的比例較其他組別低，但經統計檢定並無顯著差異。此外，在活動量方面，睡眠時數小於6小時組有較高的比例屬於身體活動量不足。由此可知，睡眠的質量會影響營養攝取，也可能會降低身體活動量，雖然本研究並未發現睡眠質量與體位有顯著相關，但長期下來可能增加肥胖與相關慢性疾病發生的風險。

關鍵字

睡眠品質 ； 睡眠時數 ； 營養攝取 ； 身體活動量 ； 大學生

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among sleep quality, nutrition intake and physical activity in college students. The anonymous self-report questionnaire with four sections was used, including：A. Student’s profile and eating habits；B. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）；C. International Physical Activity Questionnaire（IPAQ）；D. The 24 hours dietary recall. The results showed that the frequency of eating breakfast weekly in poor sleepers(PSQI score>5) was significantly lower good sleeper (PSQI≦5), and not only the whole day but also midnight snack intakes of calories and fat were significantly higher in poor sleepers(PSQI score>5) than in good sleepers(PSQI≦5). In addition, participants were classified into three groups: less than 6 hours, 6-8 hours and more than 8 hours, according to the sleep hour and furthermore analyzed the calories and nutrient intakes among three groups. We found that the total calories intake in less 6 hours group was significantly higher than 6-8 hours group, and the total fat intake in less 6 hours group was the highest among three groups. Also, the calories, carbohydrate and fat intakes from midnight snacks in less 6 hours group were higher than 6-8 hours group. Average Body mass index (BMI) of poor sleepers was higher than good sleepers, and the percentage of normal weight in less 6 hours group were the lowest than other groups, but there’s no statistically significant difference among groups. Moreover, less 6 hours group reported significant higher proportion of inadequate physical activity.
Therefore, the quality of sleep can affect not only nutrient intakes but also physical activity. Although our study did not find the relationship between sleep quality and body type, but in the long run may increase the risk of obesity and related chronic diseases.

並列關鍵字

sleep quality ； sleep hours ； nutrition intake ； physical activity ； college ； students

參考文獻

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