建立甲苯標準氣體產生之控制條件研究

Studies on optimization of experimental conditions for toluene standard gas production

林佳叡(Jia-Ruei Lin)

指導教授 ： 顏慶堂

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/職業安全衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

標準氣體已應用於許多領域，在職業衛生應用方面主要是評估採樣介質的效能，其產生的穩定與正確性是非常重要。甲苯用途廣泛且使用量大，是作業環境監測中最常被評估的有害物，利用擴散管法與注射針筒驅動法來做為產生甲苯標準氣體參數的探討研究。
注射針筒驅動法製備控制的參數，主要為稀釋氣體流量及注射針的注射流量，透過公式計算與實際進行採樣結果，獲得到具有其線性相關關係數值為0.996，確認以注射針筒驅動法產生甲苯的標準氣體，是有效且穩定的方法，產生濃度範圍為25至112 ppm。擴散管法製備控制的參數，從擴散原理公式中，影響蒸氣產生濃度的參數包括稀釋氣體流量、溫度、擴散管徑及長度等，因此針對這些因子進行參數控制與產出的濃度關係探討，發現除了溫度，其餘三者皆能得到與濃度相關係數為0.992以上的線性關係，產生濃度範圍為7至140 ppm，溫度與濃度的關係與甲苯在不同溫度的蒸氣壓趨勢相同，45℃以上斜率變大且較不穩定，確認室溫環境操作是穩定的。
從研究結果發現，從預估產生濃度與實際採樣進行驗證，可得到誤差低於5%的結果，也能長時間穩定產生標準氣體應用於破出測試相關參數，希望本研究結果能讓認證實驗室在評估介質效能時可以參考。

關鍵字

標準氣體 ； 擴散管法 ； 注射針筒驅動法 ； 甲苯

並列摘要

Standard gases were generally applied to assess the performance of sampling media for evaluating the toxicity of pollutants in occupational health. Being used vastly and widely in varied industries, toluene was the most frequently assessed toxicant in environmental monitoring. In this study, the diffusion tube and the syringe driving methods were evaluated to produce the standard gas of toluene to assess the sampling media. Parameters explored in the syringe driving method were flow-rates of diluted gas and toluene stream from syringe. Results showed the quantity of toluene collected from sampling was linear with that from theoretical calculation with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.996. It indicated the syringe driving method was an effective and stable method to produce the toluene standard gas ranged in 25 -112 ppm. According to the diffusion law, parameters affecting the gas production by the diffusion tube method included the flow-rate, temperature, the inner diameter and length of diffusion tube, were explored the relationships with concentration produced. Results demonstrated the flow-rate, the inner diameter and length of diffusion tube were linear with toluene ranged in 7 -140 ppm with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.992. The dependence of concentration collected on temperature was similar to the vapor pressure of toluene under varied temperature. The variable and unstable slope was observed when the temperature was higher than 45℃, however, it was stable under the room temperature.
From the results, an error less than 5% has been obtained between the experimental results and the estimate concentrations. It confirmed that the standard gas of toluene can be generated stably for a long time by the proposed methods. They can be alternative methods to assess the performance of sampling media for occupational health certified laboratories.

並列關鍵字

Standard gas ； diffusion tube ； syringes driving ； toluene

參考文獻

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