- 學位論文
台灣公共運輸系統室內空氣品質研究與改善
Research and Improvement of Indoor Air Quality in Taiwan's Public Transportation System
摘要
因為各種空氣汙染物而產生的病態大樓症候群總是困擾著我們的健康，且公共運輸是民眾除了建築物室內空間以外停留時間最久的地方，因此本研究針對台灣公共運輸，包括高鐵、台鐵、公車及捷運，進行二氧化碳、一氧化碳、懸浮微粒、甲醛、臭氧、總揮發性有機化合物的空氣檢測，並使用變異數分析（One-way analysis of variance, ANOVA）、學生T檢定（Student's t-test）及Pearson相關係數進行分析。 研究結果顯示，高鐵之偵測在月台、商務車廂之懸浮微粒較高，而高鐵在人較多的尖峰時段車廂亦會有較高的二氧化碳濃度。台鐵之偵測結果顯示，其在火車站車廂內之懸浮微粒濃度與二氧化碳濃度皆為最高，其中又以自強號的空氣品質最差。捷運之偵測結果顯示，大廳之懸浮微粒濃度最高，且人潮眾多的路線會產生較差的空氣品質，例如：淡水信義線、文湖線等。公車之偵測結果顯示，公車亭之懸浮微粒濃度最高，在公車車廂內則是二氧化碳濃度較高，且不論在高鐵、台鐵、捷運、公車之車廂的懸浮微粒，均會受到車廂人數多寡影響。 建議公共運輸設置空氣清淨系統，並設有控制面板以調整流動率，使空氣能夠得到有效過濾，可使用具備高效率濾網（HEPA filter），以達到過濾空氣中汙染物之效果。此外，因運輸工具之懸浮微粒濃度亦與車廂人數有緊密的關聯，建議可採用月台車廂人數監控系統，平均各車廂的人數，以免造成個別車廂空氣品質較差的情況。本研究亦建議民眾可提升對公共運輸空氣品質之危害防制認知及行為，以公共運輸之空氣品質狀況以做好自我防護。
並列摘要
The sick building syndrome caused by various air pollutants always damages our health. Public transportation is the place where people stay the longest except for inside of the building. Therefore, this study aimed at Taiwan public transportation, including Taiwan high-speed rail and Taiwan Railway, bus and Mass Rapid Transit (MRT). Performed air detections for CO2, CO, Particulate Matter (PM), HCHO, O3 and VOC. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), T test (Student t-test) and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze the measured data. The results of the study showed that high-speed rail detection has higher PM on platforms and commercial vehicles, while high-speed rails also have higher CO2 concentrations in peak-time compartments with more people. And the concentration of PM and CO2 are the highest in railway station, the air quality of Tze-Chiang Limited Express is the worst. The detection results of MRT show that the highest concentration of PM in the hall and the high number of people would produce poor air quality, such as the Tamsui-Xinyi Line and the Wenhu Line in Taipei MRT, and so on. The detection results of bus show that the concentration of PM in bus stops is the highest, and the concentration of CO2 in bus is higher. The number of suspended particulates in high-speed rail, Taiwan Railway, MRT and bus is affected by the number of people in the car. This research suggested that air cleaning system should be set up in public transportation and control panel should be set up to adjust the flow rate so that the air can be filtered effectively. The high efficiency filter (HEPA filter) can be used to filter air pollutants. In addition, as the concentration of suspended particulates in conveyors is closely related to the number of passengers. Also, suggested that a platform compartment monitoring system should be adopted to balance the number of passengers in each compartment, so as to avoid causing poor air quality in individual compartments. The study also suggests that the public should enhance their awareness and behavior of public transport air quality hazards. According to air quality conditions of public transport to protect self.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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