青少年憂鬱症狀的代間傳遞：親代憂鬱症狀、父母關愛、家庭凝聚力與自尊的影響

本研究之目的在於探索青少年憂鬱症狀的代間傳遞歷程，主要涵蓋家庭中的影響因素、個人因素等，探究青少年父母親的親代憂鬱症狀、父母關愛、家庭凝聚力，以及個人的自尊程度對於青少年憂鬱症狀的影響。本研究使用的資料來源為中央研究院進行的臺灣青少年成長歷程研究（Taiwan Youth Project），以第一波國三青少年樣本與其青少年父母親為研究對象，青少年人數共計2,851人，青少年父母人數共計2,800人。資料分析主要採取描述性統計、相關分析、結構方程模型與拔靴法中介效果分析。研究結果顯示：1. 親代憂鬱症狀會直接影響青少年憂鬱症狀，顯示青少年憂鬱具有代間傳遞的現象。2. 親代憂鬱症狀會透過父母關愛、家庭凝聚力、自尊間接影響青少年憂鬱症狀，顯示父母關愛、家庭凝聚力、自尊為憂鬱代間傳遞的中介變項。3. 個別中介模式發現，父母關愛、家庭凝聚力與自尊皆會受到親代憂鬱症狀的影響而降低，進而間接導致青少年子代憂鬱症狀的提升。最後，研究者根據上述主要研究結果，對於未來研究方向提出相關具體建議，以及說明本研究結果對於實務工作的意義。

關鍵字

青少年憂鬱；代間傳遞；臺灣青少年成長歷程研究

並列摘要

The current research aims to explore the multiple-factor intergenerational transmission models of the adolescents’ depression, including parental depressive symptoms, parental caring, and family cohesion (Family aspect), self-esteem (Individual aspect). The data is provided by the Taiwan Youth Project from the Academia Sinica. The study chose the first wave of the participants from the data, which are the ninth-graders in 2000. Participants included 2851 adolescents and 2800 adolescents’ parents. Data analysis includes descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping analysis. Results indicated: 1. Parental depressive symptoms directly and significantly influenced adolescents’ depressive symptoms, which indicated the phenomenon of the intergenerational transmission of depression. 2. Parental depressive symptoms would indirectly influence the adolescents’ depressive symptoms through parental caring, family cohesion, and self-esteem, which showed parental caring, family cohesion, and self-esteem were mediators within intergenerational transmission. 3. Individual mediation analyses revealed that parental caring, family cohesion, and self-esteem were all affected by parental depressive symptoms to be reduced, which in turn indirectly decreased the adolescents’ depressive symptoms. In conclusion, the current research discussed the implications of the research results and provided suggestions for the educational fields and future researchers.

並列關鍵字

Adolescent ； Depression ； Intergenerational Transmission ； Taiwan Youth Project

參考文獻

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423.

丁文琪（2012）。臺北市國中生知覺父母教養方式與身心健康之相關研究（未出版之碩士論文）。中國文化大學生活應用科學系，台北市。